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Osteomyelitis is an infectious disease of the bone and bone marrow caused by pyogenic organisms that may be acute or chronic. Early diagnosis and treatment prevent complications like limb deformity and limb length discrepancies. A 14-year-old girl presented to the orthopedic department with complaints of pain, fever, swelling, tenderness, and pus discharge across the right leg below the knee. Previously, she visited a local hospital where after initial investigations, she underwent saucerization followed by antibiotic bead application. After experiencing no improvements, she came to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha. After investigations, she was confirmed to have chronic right tibial osteomyelitis, after which she underwent sequestrectomy with an Ilizarov Fixator application. After three months, she started experiencing pain over the right leg, discharge from the wound site, on and off fever, and difficulty walking, for which she was again admitted to this hospital. She was primarily managed by dressing and medication and subsequently received physiotherapy intervention with proper rehabilitation protocol which was found to be very effective in achieving functional mobility and independence. This case study concludes that a multidisciplinary team involving a definitive surgical approach and physiotherapy rehabilitation protocol which resulted in improved functional mobility and independent ambulation for the patient, which plays a significant role in a fast and successful recovery.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disorder. It is the most typical X-linked muscular dystrophy in children. It primarily affects males and is characterized by motor delays, muscle weakness, respiratory impairment, and loss of ambulation. A case study of a nine-year-old male diagnosed with DMD is presented. The patient had difficulty walking since the age of four and had a proximal lower extremity weakness on both sides previously with a reduced range of motion (ROM). For the last 15 days, the patient is unable to walk and has hypotonia in both lower limbs. The diagnostic Gowers sign was positive. Balance and mobility were affected. Treatment of this patient is focused mostly on maintaining the range of motion (ROM), respiratory training, and balance.

BackgroundCognitive impairments, particularly in old age, are pervasive and occur because of both normal and pathological senescence. Engaging in some routine bodily activities combined with activities that stimulate cognitive skills appears beneficial in increasing cognitive resistance to degenerative processes of the brain. Dual-task training (DTT) by combining motor and cognitive activities causes improvement, particularly in executive function, working memory and divided attention, whereas aerobic exercise training (AET) plays an important role in improving executive function, attention, and memory. In this study, we attempted to compare the efficiency of DTT versus AT in improving cognitive function in healthy older individuals. MethodsForty healthy older adults between 60 and 70 years of age who met the inclusion criteria participated in this study. They were randomly split into two groups A and B. Group A (64.05±3.17 years) received DTT three times a week, whereas group B (65.50±3.44 years) received AT five times a week. Both training programs were conducted for six weeks. Cognitive function was assessed using Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, TMT-B, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The assessment was done at baseline (first day of intervention), on completion of the third week, and again at the end of the training session i.e., the sixth week. The Chisquare test and the student's paired and unpaired t-tests were used for statistical analysis with a level of significance P<0.05. Discussion and resultBetterment in cognitive functions was evident after six weeks of DTT and AET. Post-intervention improvements were noted in TMT-A, TMT-B, and MoCA scores in both groups A and B (P>0.0001). However, the difference between the pre and post-intervention scores was greater for group A compared to group B indicative of remarkable improvements in cognitive function in group A. ConclusionThe current study demonstrated that both DTT and AET are notably efficient in improving cognitive function in a healthy elderly population. However, in comparison, DTT was significantly more effective than AET (P<0.05). This shows that six weeks of DTT is effective in improving cognitive function and slowing ageassociated cognitive decline in older adults.

The purpose of this case study was to elucidate the significance of physiotherapy management in rehabilitating an individual with osteomyelitis. The patient was a 25-year-old male with complaints of purulent discharge from wounds above the knee. The physiotherapy intervention prescribed and noted here focuses on enhancing functional goals during the postoperative phase. These therapeutic interventions revolve around functional exercises, which will ultimately help and assist the patient gain independence and enhance the patient's cardiovascular capacity. This case report focuses on the mandatory novel implementation of physical therapy interventions in an operated case of malunited supracondylar fracture of the femur of 10-month duration with osteomyelitis and proximal tibia-fibula fracture with rightsided foot drop managed with an Ilizarov external ring fixator.