The problem of low soybean yield on Alfisol is low soil fertility. The availability of P is often a constraint because the P element on the Alfisol soil is strongly bound by Al and Fe elements. Efforts to increase the availability of P element in Alfisols can be done by ameliorant of zeolite and organic fertilizer. This study objective was determined of zeolite and organic fertilizer in increasing of available P and soybean yield on Alfisols. A field experiment was conducted using Randomized Block Design consisting of two factors: a dose of zeolite (0 ton/ha, 2.5 ton/ha, and 5 ton/ha), and organic fertilizer (no organic fertilizer, quail, and cow manure 5 ton/ha respectively). The results showed that zeolite 5 ton/ha is the highest effect on the increasing of available P, pH, organic matter, and saturation base as big as 5.19, 5.21, 24.03, and 21.55 respectively, while cow manure is improved to organic matter and saturation base 26.17, and 21.38% respectively.The combination of zeolite and cow manure 5 ton/ha gave the highest yield on the number of pods (101 pods/plants), and the 1000 seeds weight is 153 g.

Soybean production in Indonesia could be improved by utilizing Alfisols as potential land. Zeolites and manure are used in this study as slow release materials to reduce nitrogen losses from soil. The aim of this research is reviewing the effect of zeolites and manure in improving N total contents, N absorption, and growth and production of soybean in Alfisols. Factorial randomized complete block designed of two factors (zeolite doses; 0 ton / ha, 2.5 ton / ha, and 5 ton / ha, and type of manure; P0: 0 ton / ha, P1: cow manure, P2: quail manure) were used and field experiments were conducted in this study. Obtained results showing zeolite with dose of 5 ton/ha gave the highest influence indicated by the increase of N total 35.13% and the increase of N absorption up to 53.37%. Cow manure gave the highest efficiency with total N increase of 40.54% and an increase in N absorption of 48.93%. Zeolite 5 ton/ha with cow manure gave the highest yield with an increase of total pod content 129.41%, and the increase of seed weight 35.39 %. Finally, zeolite treatment with cow manure at dose 5 ton/ha is the best treatment in this research.

Soil and water contamination due to oil spills have caused a decline in soil and water quality and has undermined the welfare and health of people. The oil spills have affected the environment and ecosystem-based services, increasing the level of poverty and physical, mental, and occupational mobility of the people. One of the effects experienced by the people is the loss of livelihood, thus requiring them to change occupations, and some even become unemployed. The lack of support for livelihood and unemployment is identified as a long-term effect on the community. This research aims to analyze the social impacts caused by the oil spills on the research site. Moreover, the method used in this research is quantitative and qualitative. This research aims to prove that there is a change of livelihood resulting from the oil spills. What fishermen do as their occupation when not sailing is, among others, becoming freelancers, merchants, and even becoming unemployed. Those were done to generate additional income as the fishermen could not sail. However, the income received from such occupations is insufficient or lower than fishing in the sea.

The demand of oil not only has contributed the economy and foreign exchange of a country, it has also caused environmental pollution. The negative impact caused by the oil spills were due to the hydrocarbon compound or Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) contaminates the environment. Oil contamination, despite of low concentration of hydrocarbon, affects the smell and taste of the groundwater. One of the alternatives to overcome environmental contamination from oil that is environmental-friendly is with bioremediation technology. The rehabilitation efforts of the oil-contaminated environment biologically with the bioremediation technology has an advantage as it is more environmental-friendly and the operational cost is more affordable than physics and chemical recovery techniques. This research utilizes study of literature and SWOT analysis to comprehend the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the use bioremediation. The outcome of analysis illustrated that bioremediation could reduce the TPH value as the bacteria could decompose the oil where it generally is difficult to be degraded. However, there is also potential use of microorganism utilized on bioremediation to mutate thus creating a new and unknown product that could harm the environment. The implementation of bioremediation technology examined by sustainable indicators still have weaknesses and threats that could be further examined so that the use of bioremediation could be implemented as one of the ways to have a sustainable oil spill cleanup.

Purpose The Baduy tribe has its own uniqueness and values regarding the forest; it manages the forest using customary law to keep it sustainable. This research aims to describe the position of customary law used by the Baduy tribe to conserve forest areas.Design/methodology/approach This research is a qualitative research conducted in September 2019 and 2020 at Baduy. The data were collected through a literature study and in-depth interviews with informants related to the Baduy tribe. The collected data included documentation and interview transcripts that were translated into English. Data analysis was conducted in a descriptive manner, equipped with related evidence.Findings The Baduy community holds firm to its customs and culture called pikukuh. The Baduy community applies the concept of sustainable forest management in that local communities are directly involved in forest management activities to improve welfare and implement sustainable forests.Practical implications The implication of this research is that it is beneficial for forest conservation based on customary law, using the conservation approach of the Baduy tribe as a local community in protecting the sustainability of forest resources and their sustainability for the next generation. This study contributes as a guide for the government to formulate policies that will include local communities into conservation programs and government policies. It may apply to a study of coordination with related institutions such as the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in implementing forest conservation.Originality/value This study uses primary data from the Baduy tribe, which has unique local traditional values regarding the territory and the important role of the forest. The originality of the findings from the excavation of each activity was based on the procedures and beliefs regulated in customary law regarding forest management. Preservation of traditional knowledge in customary law has contributed to the urgency of sustainable forest conservation and biodiversity conservation, which is part of the traditional knowledge of the Baduy tribe.