Abstract. Some endophytic fungi live in medicinal plant tissue and could produce some secondary metabolites. This research was done to 1) determine the endophytic fungi position in the Hedychium acuminatum Roscoe. plant tissue by histological observation, 2) identify the endophytic fungi species isolated from the rhizome, leaf sheath, and the leaf of H. acuminatum, and 3) analyze the contents of some secondary metabolites that be produced by the endophytic fungi species isolated from H. acuminatum. The determination of the position of endophytic fungi in the H. acuminatum plant tissue was done by histologic observation. The endophytic fungi were isolated from H. acuminatum plant, then were inoculated on Potato Dextrose Agar medium and incubated at 25 °C during 7 to 14 × 24 h. Each endophytic fungus isolate was identified. Each endophytic fungus isolate was inoculated in Potato Dextrose Broth medium and shook at 120 rpm for 7 × 24 h; then the secondary metabolites content was analyzed using the spectrophotometric method. The research result was: 1) the endophytic fungi mycelium were found on the parenchyma cell wall and intercellular space of rhizome, epidermis and parenchyma cell wall of leaf sheath, epidermis cell wall of leaf; 2) eleven endophytic fungi species were found: Rhizoctonia sp., Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Colletotrichum alienum, C. aotearoa, C. ti, Aspergillus parasiticus, C. coccodes, C. gloeosporoides, Hansfordia biophila, and F. semitectum; 3) the secondary metabolites content in fungi culture in broth medium are: alkaloid 20.48 μm · mL -1 to 117.12 μm · mL -1 ), flavonoid (148.48 μm · mL -1 to 816.96 μm · mL -1 ), terpenoid (4.73 μm · mL -1 to 32.98 μm · mL -1 ), and tannin (9.39 μm · mL -1 to 53.02 μm · mL -1 ).
Phalaenopsis sp. atau dikenal dengan nama dagang anggrek bulan termasuk famili Orchidaceae yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Pembudidayaan tanaman anggrek selama ini terkendala pada biji anggrek yang memiliki daya kecambah kurang dari 1%. Daya kecambah biji yang rendah disebabkan oleh ukuran biji yang kecil dan tidak mempunyai endosperm. Oleh karena itu, perkecambahan biji anggrek perlu didukung oleh hormon tumbuh yang sesuai. Giberelin dan air kelapa diketahui dapat berperan dalam perkecambahan biji. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Giberelin (GA3) dan air kelapa terhadap perkecambahan biji anggrek bulan (Phalaenopsis sp). Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu melakukan sterilisasi, kemudian biji Anggrek diinokulasikan dalam medium MS dengan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi GA3 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm dan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi air kelapa 10 mL, 20 mL, dan 25 mL beserta kombinasinya kemudian diamati pada hari ke-21. Parameter yang diamati berupa perkembangan morfologi protocorm dan fase perkembangan protocorm yang dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan daya kecambah protocorm dianalisis ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji Tukey pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% untuk melihat adanya perbedaan antarperlakuan. Perkembangan protocorm pada 3 perlakuan memperlihatkan fase perkembangan protocorm yang berbeda, yaitu embrio membengkak dan merobek testa, protocorm putih dengan absorbing hair, protocorm putih kekuningan, dan protocorm hijau bulat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian giberelin (GA3) 3 ppm menghasilkan daya kecambah paling rendah dan pemberian kombinasi antara GA3 dan air kelapa menunjukan daya kecambah yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan MS.
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