Andila PS, Hendra IPA, Wardani PK, Tirta IG, Sutomo, Fardenan D. 2018. The phytochemistry of Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil from Lombok Island, Indonesia and its antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 232-239. Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor [Sereh Wangi] is a plant producing essential oil that has been extensively used in perfumery, mosquito repellent, medicinal, and cosmetic industry. In Indonesia, the accession of C. winterianus plant had been collected from natural forest in Sembalun, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province. However, the phytochemical properties and its biological potential of this accession have never been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical content of essential oil of C. winterianus from Lombok and to explore its potential as a bioantifungal against several phytopathogen fungi. The essential oils were extracted from fresh stem and leaf of C. winterianus by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition of them was determined by chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 26 and 20 compounds were obtained from the stem and leaf oil with the dominant compounds of essential oil in stem were Torreyol (17.89%), Oxirane, octyl- (15.84%), (-)-Isopulegol (14.44%), Isopulegol 2 (12.18%), and Geranyl Acetate (5.89%) while in leaf were (-)-Isopulegol (22.69%), Oxirane, octyl- (16.64%), Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)- (14.21%), "KW3 AUS Epiglobulol” (9.47%), and Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)- (7.14%). The presence of these contents as dominant chemical compounds in S. winterianus was reported for the first time. The highest content of oils was identified as monoterpene (38.01% and 45.78% in stem and leaf oil) and sesquiterpene ( 27.67% and 17.78 % in stem and Leaf oil). The biological study showed that leaf essential of C. winterianus expressed positive antifungal activity against Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger, dan Cladosporium sp.
The Lontar Usada Bali is a collection of the science of traditional medicine recorded in the lontar leaves. It contains information about the diversity of medicinal plants and treatment procedures used by Balinese for generations. However, most of the information stored in the lontars is only known by the Balians (Traditional Healers). The aim of the study was to investigate and document the diversity of medicinal plants known by Balians in Buleleng Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. Direct interview with Balians, combined with purposive sampling (for the usada plants), was used in this study and conducted in August-September 2022. The data obtained comprised plant species, habitat, habitus, local names, plant parts used, and how they were used. The data were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using diagrams, graphs, and tables and measured by the use-value index. Sixty-five species and 37 families of plants were recorded as a medicinal plant. The most widely used plant families by Balians were Zingiberaceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, and Malvaceae. In most cases, leaves were used, followed by tubers, fruits, and other parts. Maceration and powder or mushy were the primary modes of making herbal medicine, and external application was the most common method of drug administration. Most medicinal plants were obtained from the home garden, taken from nature, or bought in the market. Several diseases often treated by Balians were convulsions, itching, cramps, headache, black magic, stroke, herpes and tumor/cancer. This research is important to complete the ethnobotanical data on the diversity of medicinal plants in Bali. This data is important information for the development of new drugs and must be maintained for sustainability.
Minyak atsiri, atau yang juga popular dengan nama essential oil, sangat terkenal dengan ciri khas aromatik yang kuat. Manfaatnya pun juga sangat banyak, mulai dari antiseptik, analgesik, antidepresi, hingga antijamur. Oleh karena itu, tidak mengherankan jika minyak yang bersifat volatil ini umum digunakan di berbagai bidang industri dan telah menjadi komoditas yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Pada tahun 2014–2015, tim khusus dari Kebun Raya “Eka Karya” Bali telah melakukan eksplorasi ke Gunung Batulanteh di Kabupaten Sumbawa dan Desa Sembalun di Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Melalui eksplorasi tersebut, ratusan aksesi tumbuhan berpotensi penghasil minyak atsiri berhasil dikoleksi. Buku ini merangkum sekaligus mendokumentasikan data-data ilmiah terkait tumbuhan tersebut. Berbeda dengan terbitan lain yang sejenis, buku ini memiliki keunggulan dalam menyajikan informasi ilmiah yang komprehensif, mulai dari deskripsi botani, kandungan senyawa kimia tumbuhan, proses penyulingan, hingga pengembangannya. Buku ini sangat cocok untuk dibaca berbagai kalangan, seperti peneliti, dosen, mahasiswa, serta praktisi dan penghobi minyak atsiri.
An invasive Piper aduncum is a plant species that potentially produces essential oil. The study aims todetermine the percentage, phytochemical compounds, and anti-fungal properties of essential oil producedfrom the leaves and fruits of Piper aduncum. The study showed that the leaves and fruits of P. aduncumcontain 0.30% and 0.33% of essential oil, respectively. Apiol is the most abundant phytochemical compoundobtained in essential oil of leaves and fruits of P. aduncum with 57.10% and 66.31%, respectively. Weconclude that essential oil obtained in this study is able to inhibit the growth of both Aspergillus niger andCladosporium sp. but not for Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani.
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