Recently, characteristic of HTTP, FTP, SMTP, VoIP and other Internet applications are widely studied. It is very useful for Traffic Engineering (TE) and Traffic Simulation. PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) has been becoming a popular healthcare application for accessing to medical images and patient's data diagnostics on a wired-line or/and wireless hospital network. However, a characteristic of PACS traffic on both wired-line and wireless network is rarely studied. Therefore, this paper studies and presents the characteristic of PACS over the wired-line and wireless network based on terms of the packet interval time, the packet size distribution (byte), as well as the effect of variable PACS flows (traffic load) on the ping packet loss, which are on the actual measurement. In addition, the packet interval time is represented in the form of PDF. The packet size distribution is represented in the form of histogram graph. It is very useful for Traffic Simulation.

No abstract

Objective: This study tested different types of silicone rubber material to assess the most durable with properties that best simulated the human skin and vascular. The optimal materials were used to produce a transradial catheterization simulation model to train medical practitioners and tested the improvement of the training with a medical simulation model.Materials and Methods: Three types of silicone rubber were tested for their suitability as artificial skin and vascular for transradial catheterization simulation model. Eighteen fellowship physicians assessed the simulator’s operational effectiveness and recorded their satisfaction with the training.Results: Silicone rubbers were tested for realism and capability for repetitive training. Silicone rubber RTV-01 was the most durable for simulating the artificial skin, while silicone rubber RTV-03 was the most durable for simulating the artificial vascular with statistically significant results recorded by Kaplan-Meier analysis (P < 0.1). Satisfaction assessment results of the 18 participants using a Likert scale (5 points) returned total average scores of model’s efficacies as 4.41 and total average scores of model’s usefulness as 4.59.Conclusion: The materials were used for transradial catheterization simulation to enhance fellowship trainees’ learning efficiency through practice. The fellowship trainees became familiar with the equipment, gained a higher completion rate, and increased confidence in treatment planning.

Objective: Researchers aimed to design surgical simulation models using medical image processing and 3D-printing technologies to train otolaryngologie residents with correct surgical techniques and study their skills improvement.Materials and Methods: The models were produced for three age ranges (group A: 8-12 years old, group B: 3-7 years old, and group C: 10 months - 2 years old). Eleven residents were practiced from older to younger child models. Overall surgical time and results were evaluated to determine improvement. Both residents and specialists assessed satisfaction surveys after training.Results: The median operational time was significantly reduced by 64.57% in model A and 50.24% in model B (p < 0.05). Operating time and surgical skills improved in order from models A, B, and C. Model C showed the most improvement with correct operational techniques in myringotomy incision (66.7%, p = 0.003) and tympanostomy tube insertion (48.5%, p = 0.011). Residents’ and specialists’ satisfaction assessments exhibited prominent satisfaction results with surgical simulation model training.Conclusion: Surgical simulation models training enhanced residencies’ confidence and improved correct surgical techniques. Residencies can gradually practice skills from fundamental to more complicated techniques in younger child model where symptom occurs.