In this paper, the research on the fatigue damage mechanism of tire rubber materials is the core, from designing fatigue experimental methods and building a visual fatigue analysis and testing platform with variable temperature to fatigue experimental research and theoretical modeling. Finally, the fatigue life of tire rubber materials is accurately predicted by using numerical simulation technology, forming a relatively complete set of rubber fatigue evaluation means. The main research is as follows: (1) Mullins effect experiment and tensile speed experiment are carried out to explore the standard of the static tensile test, and the tensile speed of 50 mm/min is determined as the speed standard of plane tensile, and the appearance of 1 mm visible crack is regarded as the standard of fatigue failure. (2) The crack propagation experiments were carried out on rubber specimens, and the crack propagation equations under different conditions were constructed, and the relationship between temperature and tearing energy was found out from the perspective of functional relations and images, and the analytical relationship between fatigue life and temperature and tearing energy was established. Thomas model and thermo-mechanical coupling model were used to predict the life of plane tensile specimens at 50 °C, and the predicted results were 8.315 × 105 and 6.588 × 105, respectively, and the experimental results were 6.42 × 105, with errors of 29.5% and 2.6%, thus verifying the accuracy of thermo-mechanical coupling model.

Rubber products will be fatigued when subjected to alternating loads, and working in harsh environments will worsen the fatigue performance, which will directly affect the service life of such products. Environmental factors have a great influence on rubber materials, including temperature, humidity, ozone, etc., all of which will affect rubber’s properties and among which temperature is the most important. Different rubber materials have different sensitivity to the environment, and at the same time, their own structures are different, and their bonding degree with fillers is also different, so their fatigue lives are also different. Therefore, there are generally two methods to study the fatigue life of rubber materials, namely the crack initiation method and the crack propagation method. In this paper, the research status of rubber fatigue is summarized from three aspects: research methods of rubber fatigue, factors affecting fatigue life and crack section. The effects of mechanical conditions, rubber composition and environmental factors on rubber fatigue are expounded in detail. The section of rubber fatigue cracking is expounded from macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, and a future development direction is given in order to provide reference for the research and analysis of rubber fatigue and rubber service life maximization.