In the methods to test an aspherical optical surface , sheering interferometer is a testing instrument by which the wavefront of the surface tested is split apart into two and then interference fringes can be formed without demanding a standard reference aspherical wavefront ,so that it is an effective method of testing the aspherical surface getting rid of difficulties of making a standard surface and the errors caused when other instruments are used.However , if the sheering interferometer is applied to test an aspherical surface havinga relatively big deviation from its best fit spherical surface ,the fundamental measuring error will increase very quickly. A comprehensive analysis of this error is given and an improved method is put forward by which the testing scale of the sheering interferometer is enlarged by introducing an analogue standard wavefront produced by a computer so as to reduce error resources and to improve the testing accuracy.

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Some important progresses in Chinese optical manufacturing technology in the 20th century were reviewed in three development stages. Then the present situations of Chinese optical manufacturing of binocular and camera were shown. At last, six main trends of manufacturing technology of optical elements in the early 2 1st century were given, considering the national conditions.

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