Based on some daily monitoring date from Taiyuan Environmental Monitoring Central Station during Dec 2008 to Nov 2009, the atmospheric pollution situation of Taiyuan was evaluated. The results showed that: the concentration of SO2、NO2 and PM10 in Taiyuan was 0.0228 mg/m3、0.0198 mg/ m3 and 0.1051mg/ m3，and the inhaled particulate matter pollution is Primary contamination. In the end, the original monitoring sites have been optimized by matter element analysis method. The atmospheric pollution situation of Taiyuan can be detected accurately after the number of monitoring sites was optimized from eight to five.