Acute pancreatitis represents a disease characterized by acute necro-inflammatory changes in the pancreas, which is histologically characterized by destruction of alveolar cells. We aim to explore whether evidence-based care can improve treatment compliance and quality of life of patients with acute pancreatitis. The changes of hemoglobin (HGB), serum pre-albumin (PAB), and serum albumin (ALB) before and after care were observed, as well as the incidence of complications after care, total effective rate after care, disease severity (bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis, BISAP) before and after care, and psychological scores of the two groups before and after care were observed. Patients’ compliance after care, self-management scores after care, and quality of life after care were compared between the two groups. After care, HGB, PAB, and ALB increased significantly in both groups ( p < 0.05 ) and were higher in OG than CG. Compared with CG, OG had significantly lower incidence of complications ( p = 0.009 ), significantly higher total effective rate ( p = 0.011 ), significantly lower disease severity ( p < 0.05 ), significantly better psychological condition scores ( p < 0.05 ), significantly higher compliance scores ( p < 0.05 ), higher self-management scores ( p < 0.05 ), and significantly higher quality of life ( p < 0.001 ). Evidence-based care can improve treatment compliance of patients with acute pancreatitis and can effectively improve their quality of life.