The high prevalence of osteoporosis in Pakistan is of public-health concern. However, there is a paucity of information regarding nutrition and bone density in rural communities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary and lifestyle factors that impact bone health in Nahaqi. Data were collected from 140 postmenopausal women using an interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire. Bone mineral density was estimated using the quantitative ultrasound index (QUI). Serum 25(OH)D was measured in fasting blood samples. The QUI scores revealed that 42% and 29% of the women had T-scores, indicative of osteopaenia and osteoporosis respectively. The mean calcium intake was 346 mg/d, which is less than 50% of the recommended daily intake. The QUI correlated with 25(OH)D after controlling for age (p=0.021, r=0.41, r2=0.168). Vitamin D deficiency and low intake of dietary calcium are two key factors contributing to poor bone health in this population.

A number of 3-aryl-4-methylpyrazolo[3,4-b1~1,5lbenzodiazepines and 4-aryl-2-imino-5-methyl-1,3-thiazino[4,5-b1[1,5lbenzodiazepines have been synthesized from 3-(arylmethylene)-4-methyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one by cyclocondensation with hydrazine hydrate and thiourea in basic medium, respectively. All of the compounds were evaluated for their insecticidal and fungistatic activities, and the results are compared with the standard insecticide Propoxure and the standard fungicide Maneb. Some structure-activity relationships are discussed on the basis of screening data.

No abstract

Synthesis and Fungicidal Activities of 3-Aryloxymethyl-6-substituted-1, 2,4-triazolo(3,4-b)(1,3,4)thiadiazoles. -A variety of title compounds of type (III), (V), and (VII) are synthesized in 51-84% yields starting with the corresponding triazoles. These compounds combine the two biolabile components 1,2,4-triazole and thiadiazole. From the 8 derivatives screened for antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, (VIIb) shows activity nearly comparable to that of the standard fungicide Dithane M-45.-(BANO, Q.; TIWARI, N.; GIRI, S.; NIZAMUDDIN; Indian J.

No abstract