Potassium tellurite (KTeO) is an effective selective agent for O157:H7 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), whereas tellurite resistance in non-O157 STEC is variable with information on O45 minimal. High-level KTeO resistance in STEC is attributable to the ter gene cluster with terD an indicator of the cluster's presence. Polymerase chain reactions for terD and KTeO minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations in broth cultures were conducted on 70 STEC and 40 non-STEC control organisms. Sixty-six STEC strains (94.3%) were terD+ compared to 28 control organisms (70.0%; P < 0.001). The prevalence of terD in O103 STEC strains was 70%, whereas in all other serogroups it was ≥ 90%. The KTeO geometric mean MIC ranking for STEC serogroups from highest to lowest was O111 > O26 > O145 > O157 > O103 > O121 = O45. The KTeO geometric mean MIC was significantly higher in terD+ than in terD- STEC, but not in terD+ versus terD- control strains. Resistance to KTeO (MIC ≥ 25 mg/L) was exhibited by 65/66 terD+ and 0/4 terD- STEC strains, compared to 12/28 terD+ and 8/12 terD- control strains. These results confirm previous studies showing the significantly higher prevalence of the ter gene cluster in STEC strains, and the relationship between these genes and KTeO resistance in STEC and especially intimin (eae)-positive STEC, in contrast to non-STEC organisms. O45 and O121 STEC, although frequently terD positive, on average had significantly lower levels of KTeO resistance than O26, O111, and O145 STEC.