An optical experimental procedure for evaluating the J-Integral from full-field displacement fields under dynamic loading is proposed in this work. The methodology is applied to measure the J-integral in the dynamic compressive loading of fiberreinforced composites and to calculate the dynamic fracture toughness associated with the propagation of a kink-band. A modified J-Integral that considers inertia effects is calculated over the full-field measurements obtained by digital image correlation, for double edge-notched specimen of IM7-8552 laminates dynamically loaded in a split-
RESUMOO objetivo do presente trabalho é aplicar técnicas de medição de porosidade e tortuosidade através da reconstrução digital de volume. A técnica pode ser aplicada em eletrodos reais de PaCOS onde a amostra é seccionada através de feixe de íons focalizado (FIF). A reconstrução é feita a partir das imagens de cada camada da amostra gerada pelo FIF.Os parâmetros geométricos, porosidade e tortuosidade, foram calculados a partir do empilhamento das imagens binarizadas. A porosidade foi obtida pela razão entre os voxels referentes aos poros e o volume total da amostra. A tortuosidade foi estimada com base no algoritmo Andarilhos Aleatórios, que simula as condições de difusão molecular, sem inserir um viés de direção preferencial.O uso da reconstrução 3D propiciou resultados de cálculo de porosidade mais precisos do que a classificação tradicional em duas dimensões. O modelo difusional descrito pelo algoritmo Andarilhos Aleatórios resultou em valores coerentes e aceitáveis do cálculo da tortuosidade.Palavras-chave: Feixe de íons focalizado, Processamento de Imagens, Pilhas a combustível de óxidos sólidos, porosidade, tortuosidade. ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to make tortuosity and porosity measurements by the use of digital volume reconstruction technique. It can be applied on real SOFC electrodes where the sample is sliced by focused ion beam (FIB). The reconstruction is done from the images of each layer of the sample generated by FIB.The geometric parameters, such as porosity and tortuosity, were calculated from a stack of binary images. Porosity was obtained by the ratio between the voxels concerned to pores and the total sample volume. Tortuosity was measured by the use of the Random Walkers algorithm that simulates molecular diffusion conditions without adding a preferential direction bias.The use of 3D reconstruction provided results of porosity calculation more accurate than the traditional classification in two dimensions. The diffusional model described by Random Walkers algorithm represented coherent and well acceptable values for tortuosity.
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