No abstract

Introduction:The paired anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid arteries, connected by the anterior communicating artery to complete the anterior portion of the circle of Willis. Aim and objectives:Aim of the present study was to provide information regarding anatomical pattern and variations of anterior cerebral artery in human cadavers. Materials and Methods:One hundred apparently normal formalin fixed brain specimens were collected and the anterior cerebral arteries were identified, coloured, photographed, numbered and the abnormalities if any, were noted.Result: 23 variant anterior cerebral arteries were noted. The most common variation observed in the anterior cerebral artery was duplication in 5 subjects followed by overlapping in 4 subjects. Most of the variations were observed on the right side in both males and females. Some variations like azygous anterior cerebral artery,median anterior cerebral artery were found in the adults because of persistence of embryonic pattern. Conclusion:The knowledge of such variations is of vital importance during surgeries, the aim being to preserve arteries in unusual location which if injured determine invalidating sequelae.

The size and shape of the thyroid gland may alter remarkably with age, gender, physiological condition, race, and geographical location. Thus the knowledge of the various parameters and position of thyroid gland are important while doing surgeries on thyroid gland as well as during tracheostomy in emergency condition. Materials and methods:The study was structured to investigate the morphometric as well as topographical features of the thyroid gland in 100 cadavers (58 males and 42 females) from Maharashtrian population Result: The right lobe of the thyroid gland was found to be larger than the left lobe. An average length and width of isthmus were 1.38 cm and 1.02 cm. An average weight of thyroid gland was 14.5grams. The P value was 0.00 it shows that gender wise difference in different parameters was highly significant. Most commonly the isthmus was lying opposite to 1 st 2 nd and 3 rd tracheal rings. Gender wise difference in position of isthmus was statistically insignificant. Conclusion:This study highlights the various parameters of thyroid gland as well as shows the gender wise difference in it. KEY WORDS: weight of thyroid gland, position of isthmus, length of right lobe, width of isthmus.