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The determination of naphthalene and its alkyl derivatives in aviation turbine fuels (ATF) and other petroleum products is important not only with respect to their performance but also for establishing heart cuts for producing intermediate chemicals for the manufacture of dyes, pesticides and agrochemicals. Normal and second-derivative UV spectra of naphthalenes, biphenyls and other interfering aromatics have been studied with a view to developing a method for determining naphthalene and a-and /3-methyl-, dimethyl-and trimethylnaphthalenes. The characteristic signals due to the substituted naphthalenes were identified in terms of second-derivative signals in a number of straight-run and cracked products of varying nature. Working relationships were derived for each of the naphthalenes in terms of their signal amplitudes. The method was tested on a number of straight-run and cracked petroleum products and it was found that the results calculated by the proposed method are in close agreement with those given by the zero-order UV spectrophotometric method.

Studies of cold starting of IC engines carried out at Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP) and field trials at high altitudes under sub-zero temperature conditions are described in this paper. Different operating factors influencing the cold starting of diesel engines and the role of starting aids developed at IIP have also been described. IIP device has given satisfactory starting performance upto temperature as low as -35°C.

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THIS paper describes a test method, developed on the Kirloskar AV‐1 (naturally aspirated) single‐cylinder diesel engine, for evaluating tendency towards detergency, ring sticking and accumulation of deposits in heavy‐duty type lubricating oils. The repeatability, reproducibility and the discriminating ability of the method is found to be good when the engine is run under the prescribed test method for 120 hours. This method is likely to be included in Indian Standard Specification for IC Engine Lubricating Oils, IS : 496. To finalize this test method, a correlation programme was also run between five laboratories. The results obtained correlate with the Petter AV‐1 test procedure when using a fuel containing 0–4% sulphur.