Lidocaine (100mg 2%) injected into the carpal joint was used to evaluate the inflammatory response induced by injection (1.5ng) of intra-articular E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin. Seventeen male Mangalarga horses aged two to three years were divided into three groups and in all animals was injected 0.9% saline (SAL) in the left carpus (LC), and in the right carpus (RC) one of the following combinations were injected: group A (n=6) LPS plus SAL; group B (n=6) LPS plus lidocaine; group C (n=5) lidocaine plus SAL. Synovial fluid and blood samples were collected immediately before the injection of LPS (T0), and at 1.5 (T1), 3 (T2), 6 (T3), 12 (T4) and 36 hours (T5) after the injection. Clinical and physical variables and cellular and biochemical characteristics of the synovial fluid were evaluated at the same time. The local and systemic inflammatory response was evaluated by measurement of mean serum and synovial fluid TNF-α concentration. A rise in TNF-α concentration in LPS injected joints at 3h in group A and from 1.5h to 3h in group B was observed. It is concluded that LPS triggered an inflammatory process and that lidocaine did not inhibit or attenuate the LPS-induced synovitis nor the synthesis and release of TNF-α.Keywords: horse, synovitis, lipopolysacharide, TNF-α, lidocaine RESUMO Injetou-se lidocaína (100mg 2%) na articulação do carpo para avaliar a resposta inflamatória induzida pela injeção (1,5ng) intra-articular de lipopolissacarídeo (LPS) de E. coli. Utilizaram-se 17 cavalos Mangalarga não castrados, entre dois e três anos, divididos em três grupos. No carpo esquerdo (CE) administrou-se solução fisiológica a 0,9% (SAL) e no carpo direito (CD) uma das seguintes combinações: grupo A (n=6) LPS mais SAL, grupo B (n=6) LPS mais lidocaína e grupo C (n=5) lidocaína mais SAL. Amostras do líquido sinovial e de sangue foram colhidas imediatamente antes da injeção de LPS (T0) e às 1,30 (T1), 3 (T2), 6 (T3), 12 (T4) e 36 horas (T5) após a injeção. Variáveis clínicas e físicas, e características bioquímicas e celulares do líquido sinovial foram avaliadas nos mesmos tempos. A resposta inflamatória local e sistêmica foi mensurada pela concentração do TNF-α no
RESUMOAvaliou-se a inibição da produção do fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-α) devido ao pré-tratamento com antiinflamatório esteroidal (dexametasona) e não esteroidal (diclofenaco sódico) em eqüinos com endotoxemia induzida experimentalmente. Foram utilizados 15 cavalos machos não castrados, distribuídos em três grupos de cinco animais: controle (C), diclofenaco sódico (DS) e dexametasona (DM). A endotoxemia subletal foi induzida pela infusão intravenosa (IV) de 0,1µg/kg/pv de lipopolissacarídeo (LPS) de Escherichia coli 055:B5, administrado em 250ml de solução estéril de cloreto de sódio a 0,9%, durante 15min. Os cavalos do grupocontrole foram tratados com solução de cloreto de sódio a 9% IV. Nos animais do grupo DS, administraram-se, por via oral, 2,2mg/kg de diclofenaco sódico e, nos do grupo DM, 1,1mg/kg de dexametasona IV, respectivamente, 60 e 30min antes da infusão da endotoxina. Mensurou-se, por meio de ensaio de toxicidade com células da linhagem L929, a concentração de TNF-α no soro e no líquido peritoneal às 0, 1¼, 3 e 6 horas após injeção do LPS. No grupo-controle, observou-se aumento significativo de TNF-α sérico, em relação ao valor basal e aos grupos DS e DM, 1,15 horas após a indução da endotoxemia. No líquido peritoneal, as concentrações observadas estavam abaixo daquelas da curva padrão de TNF-α, não havendo diferença entre os grupos (P>0,05).Palavras-chave: eqüino, citocina, TNF-α, endotoxemia, dexametasona, diclofenaco sódico ABSTRACT The inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production due to pre-treatment with steroidal (dexamethazone) and non-steroidal (sodium diclofenac) anti-inflammatories was studied in horses under experimentally induced endotoxemy. Fifteen stallions were allotted into three groups of five animals each: control (C), sodium diclofenac (SD) and dexamethazone (DM). Sublethal endotoxemy was induced with 0.1µg/kg/bw
Fifteen healthy Mangalarga horses, aged two to three years were used to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of dexamethasone and sodium diclofenac administration during experimental endotoxemia in horses. They were divided into three groups with five animals each: control (C), sodium diclofenac (SD) and dexamethasone (DM). All groups were given 0.1µg of Escherichia coli O55:B5 endotoxin/kg of body weight, intravenous, over 15 minutes, and one of the following preparations: group C - 20ml of 0.9% saline intravenous, 30 minutes before endoxin infusion; group SD - 2.2mg/kg, per os, 60 minutes before endotoxin infusion and group DM - 1.1 mg/kg, intravenous, 30 minutes before endotoxin infusion. No increase in rectal temperature was observed in the SD or DM treated groups. SD did not prevent the significant leukopenia, neutropenia and lymphopenia induced three hours after LPS injection, but DM attenuated these changes. No significant changes in plasma and peritoneal fluid total protein, inorganic phosphorus or glucose concentrations and in total nucleated cell count in peritoneal fluid were observed. SD was effective to prevent the fever and changes in intestinal borborygmi and DM blocked the cellular changes induced by experimental endotoxemia.
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