-Some environmental factors, including water availability, may influence seed germination. This study investigated the germination of E. velutina seeds submitted to different osmotic potentials and mobilization of reserves during water-stress. Scarified seeds were arranged in paper rolls and soaked in solutions of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) prepared in osmotic potentials 0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, and -0.8 MPa and kept into a seed germinator, at 25 °C, and 12/12 h photoperiod (L/D), during 10 days. The percentage, mean time, mean speed, germination speed index; as well as the germination uniformity coefficient were assessed. During germination process the total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, soluble protein, and total amino acids were quantified in the cotyledon, hypocotyl and radicle of soaked seeds and cotyledons of quiescent seeds (control). There was influence of osmotic potential on E. velutina seed germination. The germination percentage remained at high levels until -0.6 MPa and above this osmotic potential there has been no germination. The mobilization of stored reserves of carbon and nitrogen in E. velutina seeds was also influenced by water-stress. There was sensitiveness between -0.2 and -0.6 MPa; however, the degradation and the mobilization of reserves was slower when the osmotic potential decreased.Index terms: PEG 6000, water-stress, carbon of storage, soluble proteins, "mulungu", "caatinga".Mobilização de reservas e germinação de sementes de Erythrina velutina Willd. (Leguminosae -Papilionoideae) sob diferentes potenciais osmóticos RESUMO -Alguns fatores ambientais podem influenciar a germinação, dentre eles a disponibilidade hídrica para as sementes. Este estudo investigou a germinação e a mobilização de reservas de sementes de E. velutina, submetidas a diferentes potenciais osmóticos. As sementes escarificadas foram embebidas em soluções de PEG preparadas em potenciais osmóticos de 0,0, -0,2, -0,4, -0,6 e -0,8 MPa, dispostas em rolos de papel e mantidas em germinador, a 25 °C e fotoperíodo de 12/12 h (L/E), durante 10 dias. Foi avaliado: porcentagem, tempo médio, velocidade média e índice de velocidade de germinação; e coeficiente de uniformidade de germinação. Durante a germinação foram quantificados: açúcares solúveis totais, açúcares redutores, proteínas solúveis e aminoácidos totais nos cotilédones, no hipocótilo e na radícula das sementes embebidas e nos cotilédones de sementes quiescentes (controle). Houve influência do potencial osmótico na germinação de sementes de mulungu. A porcentagem de germinação permaneceu em níveis elevados até -0,6 MPa; acima deste potencial não houve germinação. A mobilização de reservas de carbono e nitrogênio em sementes de E. velutina também foi influenciada pelo estresse hídrico. Houve sensibilidade entre -0,2 e -0,6 MPa, no entanto, a degradação e a mobilização de reservas foi mais lenta quando o potencial osmótico foi diminuído.Termos para indexação: PEG 6000, estresse hídrico, carbono de reserva, proteínas solúveis, mulungu, caatinga.
-Gliricidia sepium is a drought-tolerant species, easily multiplied by seeds, and has been exploited by farmers as a source of forage in the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of seed storage on the mobilization of reserves during imbibition of "Gliricidia" seeds. Freshly-harvested seeds were packed in kraft paper bags and stored for three and six months in the laboratory under ambient conditions (25 º C ± 3 T and 75% ± 3 RH). Cotyledons were isolated from imbibed seeds and macerated for the extraction and quantification of total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose and starch, as well as of proteins, amino acids and for amylase activity. Storage under these conditions resulted in an increase in seed water content although germination remained at relatively high levels (86%). Seed macromolecule levels showed significant variation with the storage period and imbibition and these variations were associated with a loss in seed viability due to inadequate storage conditions. Index terms: macromolecules, longevity, viability, germination, water content. MOBILIZAÇÃO DE RESERVAS DURANTE A EMBEBIÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE Gliricidiasepium (Jacq.) Steud. (LEGUMINOSAE -PAPILIONOIDEAE) ARMAZENADAS RESUMO -Gliricidia sepium é uma espécie que apresenta resistência à seca e facilidade em se propagar por sementes, sendo intensamente explorada como forrageira no semi-árido nordestino. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido para avaliar o efeito do armazenamento na mobilização de açúcares e proteínas e as possíveis modificações dessas macromoléculas de reserva durante a germinação de sementes de gliricidia. Sementes recém coletadas foram armazenadas por três e seis meses em sacos de papel kraft à temperatura ambiente (25 ºC ± 3 T e 75% ± 3UR). Os cotilédones das sementes embebidas foram extraídos e macerados para a quantificação dos açúcares solúveis totais, açúcares redutores, sacarose, amido, proteínas, aminoácidos e atividade enzimática. O armazenamento em embalagem de papel kraft em temperatura ambiente propiciou o aumento no teor de água embora a capacidade germinativa fosse mantida em níveis altos (86%).O armazenamento e o tempo de embebição influenciaram os níveis de macromoléculas nas sementes. A variação nos teores de macromoléculas esta associada com a perda da viabilidade das sementes proporcionada pela condição inadequada de armazenamento.Termos para indexação: macromoléculas, longevidade, viabilidade, germinação, teor de água. 550 R. C. R. REIS et al.
-Studies of seed physiological processes represent the starting point for the sustainable utilization of native or cultivated plant species from the caatinga biome for which germination studies are still scarce. In order to determine adequate methods for the conservation of Gliricidia sepium seeds, the physiological quality of propagules exposed to different conditions and times of storage were examined. Recently collected seeds of G. sepium were analyzed immediately, while the other sample was stored for three, six, nine, or twelve months in plastic or paper bags under refrigeration or at room temperature for further analysis. The germination rates of seeds from each storage regime were determined and these rates compared to their water content. It was observed that germination capacity was directly related to changes in seed humidity. Storing seeds in plastic bags yielded the best conservation, mainly when they were stored at low temperatures. However, even at temperatures near 25°C it was possible to prolong seed viability when their water content was controlled through the use of impermeable packing.Keywords: Germination, Gliricidia e Physiological quality. QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES DE Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. (LEGUMINOSAE -PAPILIONOIDEAE) SOB DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES DE ARMAZENAMENTO
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