For the first time an electronic fountain pen is presented ink cartrial~e b d i q bqud level S e R 5 M equal in size with conventional pens. It can be regarded as the first fully functional, highly integrated, miniaturized and self-sustaining microdosage system of its kind operating under real world conditions. The main components are a liquid level sensor, a microvalve and a bubble-and particle tolerant fluidic system. The pen has been optimized with respect to minimum energy consumption. It contains a programmable ASIC and is powered by two standard watch batteries ensuring operation over a period of 2 years under standard conditions.
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