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Most cosmic ray particles observed derive from the explosions of massive stars. Massive stars from slightly above about 10 M explode as supernovae via a mechanism which we do not know yet: two not mutually exclusive main ideas are an explosion driven by neutrinos, or the magneto-rotational mechanism, in which the magnetic field acts like a conveyorbelt to transport energy outwards for an explosion. Massive stars above about 25 M , depending on their heavy element abundance, commonly produce stellar black holes in