We study the morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation and in the Armed Forces. Studied the advantages and disadvantages of a modern complex of measures for the prevention, early detection, treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels in the Armed Forces, as well as prevention strategies for cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation. Presents the stages and activities implemented strategies to increase effectiveness of prevention of cardiovascular disease in military personnel. The proposals for improving the early diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the armed forces, developed on the basis of the severity of factors influencing the risk of the development, prevalence and course of cardiovascular disease in military personnel (bibliography: 24 refs).

It is currently known that chronic dacryocystitis is from 2 to 7,5% among patients who have consulted an ophthalmologist about lacrimation disorders. Patients with this pathology are subject to surgical treatment – dacryocystorhinthymia. But the number of relapses after dacryocystorhinostomy is 2–16%, this is due to the tendency of the dacryostomy to heal and scar, which ultimately leads to reoperations. The purpose of this work: To highlight the method of preventing recurrence of chronic dacryocystitis, with endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy. Methods. A technique for preventing dacryostomy scarring with the use of a stent for draining dacryostomy in endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy has been developed and tested in clinical practice (RF Patent RU No. 201235). The essence of the technique is as follows: the surgeon performs surgical treatment in the volume of endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, with the formation of dacryostomy. Then, through the formed dacryostomy, endonasally, under the control of the endoscope, a „T“-shaped stent made intraoperatively is installed into the cavity of the lacrimal sac. Results. Using the proposed technique, surgical treatment of 24 patients with chronic dacryocystitis was performed. Complications and relapses of the disease were not observed in all 24 cases. Conclusion. The presented technique helps to avoid complications in the early and late postoperative periods (granulations, fusion of dacryostomy, synechia, etc.), which prevents the recurrence of the disease and, as a result, further reoperations.

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The article substantiates the relevance of studying the problem of early development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces. The article analyzes the incidence of hypertension among aircrew in comparison with the incidence in the Armed forces and the population of the country. The article considers the most significant signs of early development and course of hypertension, which lead to early disqualification from flight work for medical reasons. The total risk of developing cardiovascular complications is assessed on the scale for assessing the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease over 10 years in the examined individuals with previously established and newly detected arterial hypertension and high levels of stress. Attention is drawn to the high prevalence of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular pathology among the examined individuals against the background of occupational stress. It was found that people with diagnosed hypertension under the influence of a high level of professional stress are characterized by irrational changes in eating behavior, high prevalence of Smoking, increased alcohol consumption and low physical activity. In addition, stress-induced hypertension indicates a high risk of developing cardiovascular complications in the next 10 years and necessitates additional expansion of the range of measures for its prevention and correction. Practical recommendations for preventing the development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces are presented. These recommendations are based on the analysis of the incidence of hypertension in flight personnel at the present stage, as well as the identified risk factors for developing hypertension, taking into account the specifics of flight work and conditions of military service of these specialists.