Summary On the basis of information provided by the Brazilian Association of Race Horse Breeders, we analysed the racing performance of 947 Thoroughbred horses in races held from 1985 to 1992. The performance was evaluated using the best time of the animals. The variance component was obtained by the derivative‐free restricted maximum likelihood method, and the model used contained fixed effects of the racing month and year, sex, race track, track condition, animal age, number of competitors in race, and distance, and the random animal effect. The low heritability estimate obtained (0.12) indicates that selection based on animal phenotypic value must induce small genetic changes in this trait. Zusammenfassung Die Analyse wurde an Rennergebnissen von 947 Vollblutpferden aus den Jahren 1985 bis 1992 durchgeführt, die von der Brasilianischen Rennpferdzüchtervereinigung zur Verfügung gestellt worden waren. Die Leistung wurde an den Bestzeiten der Tiere bewertet. Varianzkomponenten wurden mittels ableitungsfreier Maximum Likelihood Methode geschätzt. Das zugrunde liegende Modell enthielt Rennmonat und‐jahr, Geschbecht, Rennbahn und deren Zustand, Tieralter, Zahl gelaufener Pferde und Distanz als fixe Wirkungen und Tiere als zufällige. Der geringe Heritabilitätswert (0.12) läßt nur geringe genetische Änderungen auf der Basis phänotypischer Selektion erwarten.
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