Two field experiments were carried out in sandy soil during the summer seasons of 2003 and 2004at Siwa Oasis, Egypt (26.0°N, 29.0°E and 0-22 m under mean sea level). The experiments were irrigated by using drip irrigation system with salinity water of 6000 p.p.m), Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata cv. Cream 7 cultivar was cultivated to study the effect of inoculation by three methods (inoculation of seeds pre-sowing, as soil application by injection of inoculation after germination and with both methods on the growth and yield of cowpea. There were four inoculation treatments represented in new strain of Rhizobia (Rh), Bacillus megatherium phosphate dissolving bacteria (P. D. B.) and mixed inoculation (Rh + P. D. B.) in addition to control. The data were recorded for vegetative growth characteristics (plant height (cm), No. of branches, fresh and dry weight/ plant (g) and leaf area (cm 2)). Also, dry pods yield and its components (No. of pods/plant, average pod weight (g), seeds number / pod, seeds yield (g)/plant and (kg)/fed.). Chemical constituents of dry seeds (N %, P %, K %, protein % and carbohydrate %) were determined. Obtained results showed that inoculation of seeds pre-sowing and inoculation of soil after germination together surpassed than other methods in growth characters, yield and its components as well as chemical composition. The same trend was observed for the inoculation with Rh + P. D. B. treatment when compared to other inoculation treatments. The highest values of growth characters, yield and its components and chemical composition of cowpea (Cream 7 cultivar) were obtained with interaction treatment between inoculation of seeds pre-sowing and inoculation of soil after germination and Rh + P. D. B inoculation. The results were true in the two growth seasons.

Two field experiments were conducted during the two successive winter seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 at Siwa Oasis, Khamisa region, Egypt. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizers on onion (Allium cepa L.) cv. Giza 20 grown on sandy soil irrigated with saline water (about 7000 ppm). Three sources of organic manure (farmyard, sheep and poultry manure) were added to the soil before transplanting at rate of 30, 20 and 10 m 3 /fed. respectively. Bio-fertilizers (Nitrobeine, Phosphorene and Nitrobeine + Phosphorene) were used at rate of 3 kg/fed. for each one by dipping onion seedlings in bacterial suspension before transplanting. Growth characters, yield and its components as well as chemical content of onion bulb were recorded. As for the effect of organic manures on vegetative growth of onion plant expressed as plant height, number of leaves per plant and fresh and dry weight per plant, results showed that the best values were obtained with application of poultry manure when compared with other organic manure applications. Moreover, yield and its components (bulb and neck diameter, bulb fresh and dry weight and total yield as well as chemical content of onion bulb (T.S.S., Carbohydrate, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) gave the same previous trend. As regard to the effect of bio-fertilizers, the mixture of Nitrobeine combined with Phosphorene gave the highest values of all parameters, except neck diameter, followed by adding Nitrobeine as compared with using Phosphorene. As for the effect of the interaction between organic manures and bio-fertilizers, results indicated that application of poultry manure combined with the mixture of Nitrobeine and Phosphorene gave the best vegetative growth, bulbs yield and chemical bulb content.

The field experiment was carried out during two experimental seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006 / 2007 under calcareous soil and rainfall conditions in El-Hammam region at North Western Coastal Zone (NWCZ) of Egypt. The aim of this research was to study the vegetative growth, yield and its components as well as chemical compositions of onion plants (Allium cepa, L.) cv. Giza-20 as influenced by 4 treatments of supplementary irrigation (rainfall, rainfall plus 60 mm/fed, rainfall plus 75 mm/fed and rainfall plus 90 mm/fed) and 4 foliar spray treatments (potassium carrying phosphor (K.P), potassium carrying nitrogen (K.N), (K.P plus K.N) and control treatment. The commercial name were Butasinp and Butasin-N and its interaction. The concentration of each foliar spray treatment was 4 cm \ L. Application of foliar spraying was three times at 30, 45 and 60 days after transplanting. Rainfall plus 90 mm supplementary irrigation treatment led to obtain the maximum values for all vegetative growth characteristics (survival ratio, plant length, number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant. The values of yield, (bulb fresh and dry weight, bulb dry matter%, bulbing ratio and yield ton/fed were increased by increasing the rate of supplementary irrigation. Also, the bulb content of T.S.S., nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, gave the highest values with using rainfall plus 90 mm/fed supplementary irrigation. Foliar spray treatment with K.P + K.N, gave the highest significant increases when compared with other foliar spray treatments on all characteristics under study, The interaction treatment, rainfall and 90 mm supplementary irrigation combined with foliar spray treatment with K.P + K.N, led to obtain the maximum values for all characteristics under study in both growing seasons.