The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between production performance and feeding behavior of steers reared on pasture during the rainy-dry transition period. Twenty-two ½ Holstein-Zebu crossbred steers at an average age of 10 months and with an average initial body weight of 234.5 ± 16.0 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with two types of supplementation and eleven replications. Pearson's linear correlation analysis was performed between behavioral variables and weight gain and feed conversion. Correlation coefficients were tested by the t test. The time expended feeding at the trough was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with average daily gain (ADG) and with the number of periods of permanence at the trough. Bite rate and the number of bites per day were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with ADG and negatively (P < 0.05) with feed conversion, unlike the number of bites per swallow, which was negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with ADG. There was a positive correlation (P < 0.05) between feed efficiency in dry matter and neutral detergent fiber and ADG. Feeding behavior characteristics have little association with the production performance of cattle on pasture receiving mineral or energy-protein supplementation.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of protein-energy or mineral supplementation on the ingestive behavior of dairy steers on pasture in the post-weaning phase during the rainy to dry season transition. Twenty-two ½ Holstein–Zebu dairy steers with an average initial body weight of 234 ± 16 kg were distributed into a completely randomized design into two groups: protein-energy supplementation and mineral supplementation offered ad libitum. The steers receiving protein-energy supplementation showed higher (P < 0.05) intake of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) than those fed diets composed of mineral salt only. In addition, the animals that received protein-energy supplementation had longer period in grazing and spent on average more time per period eating at the trough (P < 0.05), however no significant differences were observed in the time per period in rumination and time per period in idle (P > 0.05). The supply of protein-energy supplement does not change the feeding behavior, except for an increase in the time spent feeding at the trough. The intake of protein-energy supplement improved the of DM and NDF feed efficiencies in grazing cattle during the rainy to the dry season transition.
Correlation between nutrient digestibility and ingestive behavior in Crossbred steers reCreated at pastures dias, d.l.s.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 37, n. 4, p. 2221-2234, jul./ago. 2016 Aguilar, P. B. et al. quatro tratamentos (doses de nitrogênio) e quatro repetições (número de piquetes adubados). Foram utilizadas 16 novilhas da raça Nelore, com média de oito meses de idade e com peso corporal inicial de 178,69 ± 26,67 kg, sendo quatro novilhas por tratamentos. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio de análise de variância e regressão a 5% de probabilidade. As atividades comportamentais dos animais não se alteraram (P>0,05) com o uso das diferentes doses de nitrogênio nos pastos com tempos médios de 576,25 minutos (10h:00min) em pastejo, 509,84 minutos (8h:50min) em ruminação, 315,16 minutos (5h:25min) em ócio e 39 minutos alimentando no cocho. Para o nitrogênio ingerido, nitrogênio digerido e o nitrogênio retido (g/dia) e o nitrogênio digerido (% do N ingerido), houve efeito linear crescente (P<0,05) em função das doses de nitrogênio. Para o nitrogênio ureico na urina, houve efeito linear crescente (P<0,05) com incremento de 0,335 mg/dL para cada 1 kg de N aplicado. Para o nitrogênio ureico no plasma não houve efeito (P>0,05) das doses de nitrogênio, com média de 15,79 mg/dL. As atividades comportamentais das novilhas não são afetadas pelas doses de nitrogênio em pastos de Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu diferidos. O nitrogênio ingerido, nitrogênio retido (g/dia), o nitrogênio digerido (g/dia) e (% do N ingerido), a concentração de nitrogênio ureico na urina, e as excreções de ureia e de nitrogênio ureico na urina são influenciados pela quantidade crescente de proteína bruta na forragem oriundas da adução nitrogenada, nas condições de realização desta pesquisa. Palavras-chave: Adubação nitrogenada. Diferimento. Tempo de pastejo. Ureia. Urina.
ResumoObjetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar o fornecimento de suplemento proteico e suplemento mineral na fase de recria de novilhos mestiços ½ Holandês x Zebu mantidos em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, no período das águas e suas implicações sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e o desempenho animal. Foram utilizados 22 novilhos com média de sete meses de idade e peso corporal médio inicial de 164,09±12,13 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dois tipos de suplemento e onze repetições por tipo de suplementação. Os consumos de matéria seca (MS) total e dos nutrientes apresentaram maiores médias para os animais que receberam suplemento proteico/ energético. A utilização do suplemento proteico/energético melhorou a digestibilidade dos nutrientes da dieta, com exceção para a digestibilidade da fibra em detergente neutro corrigido para cinzas e proteína (FDNcp). Os animais que receberam suplemento proteico/energético apresentaram melhor desempenho quando comparado aos que receberam a suplementação mineral. O uso de suplemento proteico/ energético no período das águas proporciona maior aporte de nutrientes, melhora a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e o desempenho de novilhos mestiços criados em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha. Palavras-chave: Conversão alimentar, ganho de peso, mestiços, suplemento AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the supply of supplement of protein and supplement mineral in the rearing of crossbred steers Holstein x Zebu ½ maintained on Brachiaria brizantha. Marandu, in the rainy season and its implications on intake, nutrient digestibility and animal performance. Were used 22 steers averaging seven months of age and mean initial body weight of 164.09 ± 12.13 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design with two types of supplement and eleven repetitions per supplementation. The intake of dry matter (DM) total and of the nutrients had higher averages for
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