Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o rendimento de matéria fresca, matéria seca e o acúmulo de nutrientes da fitomassa produzida por milheto (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leek), sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), milho (Zea mays L.), mucuna-preta (Stizolobium aterrimum) e feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.), em cultivo exclusivo e consorciado, e seus efeitos sobre o feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Carioca) em plantio direto. Os tratamentos consistiram no cultivo exclusivo das espécies e nos consórcios das gramíneas com as leguminosas. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O sorgo em cultivo exclusivo apresenta maior produtividade de matéria fresca e, juntamente com o milheto exclusivo e o consórcio milheto e mucuna-preta, maior produtividade de matéria seca. Ocorre maior acúmulo de nutrientes no milheto exclusivo e consorciado com mucuna-preta. Posteriormente, realizou-se o plantio direto do feijoeiro, cujo rendimento de grãos é influenciado pelas diferentes palhadas das plantas de cobertura no sistema plantio direto, sendo mais afetado pela espécie produtora de palha do que pela sua forma de cultivo.Termos para indexação: Phaseolus vulgaris, cultivo consorciado, matéria seca, fitomassa, grão, rendimento. Cover crops and their effects on bean plant in no-tillage systemAbstract -The objective of this study was to estimate the production of fresh matter, dry matter and the accumulation of nutrients of the phytomass produced by millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leek Perl millet), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), corn (Zea mays L.), black velvet bean (Stizolobium aterrimum) and jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) in single and associated cultivation and their effects on bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in no-tillage system. Treatments consisted of species in isolated cultivation and the association of gramineous and leguminous plants. The experimental design was that of randomized blocks, with four repetitions. The sorghum in an isolated cultivation shows major productivity of fresh matter. Sorghum and millet in isolated cultivation and the association of millet with black velvet bean produce a great amount of dry matter. The greatest accumulation of nutrients by millet occurs in isolated cultivation and in association with black velvet bean. In the direct bean planting carried out on the straw produced by cover crops, it was verified that the culture yield is more influenced by producer species of straw than by the kind of their cultivation.

The objective of this work was to evaluate agronomic characteristics and phytomass of corn in isolated and associated cultivation with leguminous plants. The corn cultivar DINA-170 was used. The experimental design was that of randomized blocks, with four repetitions. The treatments were the isolated cultivation of corn (Zea mays L.) and the associated cultivation corn with black velvet bean (Stizolobium aterrimum Piper & Tracy) and corn with jack beans (Canavalia ensiformes DC.). There were no significant differences between treatments for stand, corn-cob weight with straw, length, number, weight and percentage of commercial corn-cobs, corn-cob rate, yield of fresh and dry matter. The corn-cob diameter in the treatments with corn in isolated cultivation and in associated cultivation with black velvet beans was greater than in associated cultivation of corn with jack beans.INDEX TERMS: black velvet bean, jack beans, Zea mays L., consortium, dry matter, Stizolobium aterrimum, Canavalia ensiformes.

Las políticas de acercamiento de Brasil a Estados Unidos fueron especialmente activas en el período de la Segunda Guerra cuando se realizaron inversiones en la Amazonia para una nueva exploración del caucho, aunque ya desde la década de 1930 se observan referencias de la cultura estadounidense en obras construidas en la ciudad. El presente artículo investiga propuestas y acciones realizadas en el campo de la arquitectura e infraestructura, con la participación del gobierno de Estados Unidos desde la década de 1930 en Belém, y sus resonancias y alcances en la modernización de la ciudad durante la década de 1960. Para ello, se utilizó como metodología la investigación histórico-interpretativa, realizando un relevamiento de datos, que permitió la identificación de episodios en los que se destacaron las políticas estadounidenses, en acciones o discursos en el centro de la ciudad, mientras en la periferia, manifestaron un carácter sanitario e higienista.