Creation of system of early prophylaxis of children disability and support of the families bringing up disabled children and children with limited opportunities are among the main priorities of the Russian Federation state social policy. There are a number of problems requiring immediate solutions. Dynamics of children’s disability in our country is characterized by process stagnation. The age and gender structure of children’s disability practically doesn’t change. The analysis of its nosological structure shows that alienations and disorders of behavior, illness of a nervous system and congenital anomalies of development steadily occupy more than 60% among the illnesses which caused disability of children of all age groups. There was a decrease in the prevalence of total disability in most classes of diseases, such as injuries, diseases of the genitourinary system, respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, digestive system and growth of disability caused by neoplasms and diseases of the endocrine system. The underestimation of children’s disability bound to various reasons is supposed: social motivation of a family, complexity of legal veneering, strict requirements of service of medico-social examination, insufficient medical experts awareness on criteria of disability. Among disability formations risk factors the most discussed are the achievements of perinatology leading to improvement of nursing of prematurely born and small newborns, and wide uses of auxiliary genesial technologies. An important part of all preventive measures aimed at reducing the genetic load of population is prenatal and preimplantation diagnosis. It seems appropriate to extend the screening to congenital and hereditary metabolic diseases in neonatal period, including the most common nosological forms of infrequent illnesses. In solving problems of childhood disability prevention a priority should be given to development of services of family planning; improving antenatal and perinatal care; preventive work with healthy but having deviations in development children; development of medical genetic services; implementation of programs of different types of pathology screening.

The aim of the study was the improvement and gain in the efficiency of preventive medical examinations of minors. There were studied the information and statistical materials of the dispanserization of the children population of the Russian Federation in 2014 concerning the health of various age groups in terms of Federal districts and subjects. There were analyzed indices of the coverage of the children’s population with preventive routine medical examination; level and structure of the revealed general and primary prevalence; frequency of the dispensary registration; neediness in additional consultations, examinations and treatment in the conditions of out-patient clinic, a day hospital, a hospital of the round-the-clock stay, the sanatorium organizations, as well as the coverage by these medical services. There was recorded the high level of the coverage of minors by routine medical examinations. The ration of healthy children's population was more than one third from all cases who passed medical examination. The revealed general and primary prevalence rate of the children's population in large part (more than one third) subjects has level above the Russian one. The main reasons of children’s morbidity are diseases of respiratory organs, bone and muscular and nervous systems while teenagers mostly have diseases of bone and muscular system, an eye, appendages of the eye and respiratory organs. The high prevalence of chronic diseases among the children’s population in preventive medical examinations failed to be followed by recommendations for treatment and rehabilitation in sufficient volume. Regional features of results of medical examination allowed to identify the most disadvantaged areas, to identify defects in its organization and the lack of continuity between medical institutions providing this type of services.

Актуальность исследования определялась необходимостью совершенствования и повышения эффективности про-филактических медицинских осмотров несовершеннолетних Российской Федерации. Изучались информацион-но-статистические материалы профилактических медицинских осмотров детского населения 2014 г., касающиеся здоровья различных возрастных групп в разрезе федеральных округов и субъектов. Проанализированы показате-ли охвата детского населения профилактическими медицинскими осмотрами, распределение по группам здоро-вья, уровень и структура выявленной общей и первичной заболеваемости, частота постановки на диспансерный учет, нуждаемость в дополнительных консультациях, исследованиях и лечении в условиях амбулатории, дневного стационара, стационара круглосуточного пребывания, санаторно-курортных организаций, а также охват данны-ми медицинскими услугами. Зарегистрирован высокий уровень охвата несовершеннолетних профилактическими медицинскими осмотрами. Доля здорового детского населения составляла более одной трети от всех прошедших указанные осмотры. Выявленная общая и первичная заболеваемость детского населения в значительной части (более одной трети) субъектов имеет уровень выше российского. Основными причинами заболеваемости у детей являются болезни органов дыхания, костно-мышечной и нервной систем, у подростков -болезни костно-мышеч-ной системы, глаза и его придаточного аппарата и органов дыхания. Высокая распространенность хронической патологии среди детского населения при профилактических медицинских осмотрах не сопровождалась доста-точным объемом рекомендаций по лечению и реабилитации. Региональные особенности полученных результатов позволили выделить наиболее неблагополучные территории, выявить дефекты в ее организации и отсутствие пре-емственности между медицинскими учреждениями, оказывающими данный вид услуг.Ключевые слова: профилактические медицинские осмотры; диспансеризация; детское население; группы здоровья; заболеваемость; инвалидность; профилактика. Relevance of research was determined by need of enhancement and increase of efficiency of routine medical examinations of minors of the Russian Federation. The information and statistical materials of medical examination of the children's population of 2014 concerning health of various age groups in a section of federal districts and subjects were studied. The following indicators were studied: coverage of the children's population by routine medical examination; level and structure RESULTS OF ROUTINE MEDIC AL EX AMINATIONS OF THE CHILDREN'S POPUL ATION OF THE RUSSI AN FEDER ATION IN 2014