The in vitro anti-cancer effect of Cassia auriculata leaf extract (CALE) was evaluated in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 and human larynx carcinoma Hep-2 cell lines. CALE preferentially inhibited the growth of both the cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with IC(50) values of 400 and 500 microg for MCF-7 and Hep-2 cells, respectively. The results showed the anti-cancer action is due to nuclear fragmentation and condensation, associated with the appearance of A(0) peak in cell cycle analysis that is indicative of apoptosis. In addition, CALE treated MCF-7 and Hep-2 cells had decreased expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bax protein, eventually leading a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. These results demonstrated that CALE inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 and Hep-2 cells through induction of apoptosis, making CALE a candidate as new anti-cancer drug.

The title compound, C26H24O5, was isolated from calophyllum inophyllum seeds. In the mol­ecule, the phenyl and 2-methyl­but-2-enoyl groups are almost orthogonal to the chromene fragment [C—C—C—C torsion angles = 81.4 (3) and −90.1 (2)°, respectively]. In the crystal packing, centrosymmetrically related mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O contacts into dimers, which are connected via further C—H⋯O inter­actions into a double chain along [010].

The potential energy constants of thionyl fluoride and sulphuryl fluoride were calculated using a modified UBRF. The behaviour of the oxygen atom is found to be similar to that of the lone pair of electrons in thionyl fluoride. The vibrational mean amplitudes of thionyl fluoride and sulphuryl fluoride were also calculated from the vibrational spectral data.

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The potential energy constants and vibrational mean amplitudes for thionyl tetrafluoride were calculated using the Urey-Bradley Force Field (UBFF) with a view to finding out the influence of the oxygen atom on the SF4 group. It was found that the axial S-F stretching force constant is smaller than the equatorial S-F stretching force constant, which is consistent with the variation in the bond length. The behaviour of the oxygen atom is found to be similar to the lone pair of electrons in sulphur tetrafluoride. The vibrational mean amplitudes calculated from spectroscopic data are in very good agreement with the electron diffraction data. The large root mean square amplitude of vibration for equatorial-equatorial non-bonded fluorine atoms (0.099 Ǻ) in sulphur tetrafluoride indicates the possibility of incomplete inversion as pointed out by Chantry and Ewing.