Preparation and properties of transparent conductive aluminum-doped zinc oxide thin films by sol-gel process Abstract. Thin films of TiO 2 have been deposited on well cleaned glass substrates by Sol-Gel dip-drive coating technique. The films have been prepared at three different pH values (3, 5, and 9) of Sol and annealed in muffle furnace at three distinct temperatures (350 °C, 450 °C, and 550 °C) for one hour and are allowed to cool to room temperature. The films were characterized by XRD, EDAX, SEM and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The as deposited films were found to be amorphous in nature. The annealed films exhibit anatase in crystalline structure. The EDAX results have shown that all the films are maintained with TiO 2 in composition. The XRD results reveal that they are nano-crystalline in nature and the crystalline nature increases with annealing temperature and pH of the Sol. The transmittance and absorbance spectra have shown that the films are transparent and band gap of the films are of the order of 3 eV. The ab initio studies of TiO 2 (using GGA) was performed with Vienna ab initio Simulation package and the band structure and effective masses of the electrons and holes were determined.

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Organic nonlinear optical crystal morpholinium hydrogen tartrate (MHT), with molecular formula [C8H15NO7], has been grown by slow evaporation solution technique. Single crystal X-ray diffraction study confirms that MHT crystallizes in orthorhombic system with noncentrosymmetric space group P212121. FTIR spectrum was recorded to identify the various functional groups of MHT. The various kinds of protons and carbons of MHT have been identified using1H and13C NMR spectral analyses. The range of optical absorption was ascertained by recording UV-Vis-NIR spectral studies. The TG/DTA studies revealed that the grown crystal is thermally stable up to 159.26°C. The mechanical property of the grown crystal was studied using Vickers microhardness studies. The relative second harmonic generation efficiency of MHT was determined using Kurtz and Perry powder technique; it was observed to be greater than that of KDP crystal.