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Comprehensive survey allowed to define the cause of OH. Minimally invasive organ-sparing surgery has satisfactory immediate and remote results in these patients.

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Proinsulinoma is a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the pancreas that produces prohormone proinsulin. These tumors are very rare. In the literature, they are most often presented in the form of case reports. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> We studied 177 patients with NET of the pancreas who underwent surgical treatment in the A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Centre of Surgery from January 2007 to December 2018. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 81 patients with organic hyperinsulinism caused by functioning NETs of the pancreas during the study period, 3 (3.7%) had a proinsulinoma; 2 were female; and 1 was male. None of them admitted to weight gain during this period, and their BMI was normal. All patients presented with Whipple’s triad during the 72-h fast. Tumor-enucleating surgery was performed: one robot assisted, two laparotomies. A normal glucose level after treatment was achieved in all cases. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In cases where clinical hypoglycemia is present, but the serum insulin level is within the normal range or even decreased, proinsulinoma should be suspected. For now, surgical resection remains the only effective method of treatment. Further investigation of pro­insulinomas is needed.

Insulinoma is the most common functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with the development of the organic hyperinsulinism and the severe hypoglycemia. Insulinoma can be treated radically only by surgical removal. In cases when the surgery may cause severe complications with the high risk of mortality, the physical non-surgical methods can be used. The world literature review using PubMed, MedScape, and Cochrane databases was performed. Keywords Binsulinoma^+ Bphysical methods^were used including every type of the method. One hundred fifty-two articles in English devoted to different physical methods of treatment of neuroendocrine tumors were found. Twenty-seven papers with the description of the minimally invasive treatment of insulinomas were found among them. There were data about the different methods revealed such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryodestruction, laser ablation, irreversible electroporation, photodynamic therapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound, Cyberknife, and tumor alcoholization. Literature search showed that there are a few papers about the description of the self-experience of each method, but there are no papers with the full compartment of advantages and disadvantages of each method of treatment. Each method was used because of its availability in the hospital or department. Contemporary statement of the physical mini-invasive method of insulinomas treatment requires investigations with the full randomized trials. These researches can identify the points to use one or another physical method and to choose the most right way to treat patients with hormonal-producing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.