Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) is a minor cereal that is grown to a large extent in the southern states of India. The crop is remarkably drought resistant and is grown primarily rainfed, though in small areas under irrigation. This is the coarsest among the food grains. The grain is easily preserved and proved as a good famine reserve and a poor man's food. Kodo millet crop is more susceptible to iron deficiency in the early stage of growth, and the plant becomes stunted in early seedling stages. If deficiency is prolonged, plants will die. Iron deficiency in kodo millet causes chlorosis, decreased vegetative growth, and marked yield losses. Therefore, Fe fertilizers, either applied to the soil or delivered to the foliage, are used to control Fe deficiency in the field. To improve the current Fe chlorosis condition, practical correction methods to be taken into account are state-of-the-art all related scientific knowledge, integrating physiological, biochemical, and agronomical data. In all cases, Fe fertilization leads to episodes of high Fe concentration in the rhizosphere, roots, or in the plant shoot tissues.

Rice is a stable food for a many of the countries in Asia and Arica. The climatic conditions favour thecultivation of this crop in Asia and African countries. Rice is grown under the anaerobic condition and it isan important point source of greenhouse gases such as Methane, carbon-di-oxide and nitrous oxide. Bluegreen algae are belonging to cyanobacterial group and application of Blue green algae are emerging trendin rice cultivation which converts the radiant energy into chemical energy and also supplies nitrogen to thecrop. It is an eco-friendly sustainable agricultural practice for production of biomass of very high value andemerged potential as biofertilizer which are economical and environment friendly. Application of this bluegreen algae in agriculture increases the yield of the crop by the addition of nitrogen and also reduce theemission of green house gases in rice cultivation systems.