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Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy in the world. Oral cancer is of major concern in Southeast Asia primarily because of the deleterious habits such as smoking, betel nut chewing and alcohol consumption. Despite recent advances in cancer diagnoses and therapies, the survival rate of oral cancer patients has remained at a dismal 50% in the last few decades. This paper is an overview of the various etiological agents and risk factors implicated in the development of oral cancer.

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One of the most underrated aspects of surgical procedure is the very placement of skin incisions. Several factors inuence the post-operative morbidity, outcome and satisfaction of a patient. One such being the very placement of a skin incision by the surgeon. Even though the trend nowadays is to opt for laparoscopic and mini-incision surgery, the rst and basic rule in surgery is to have an incision that will be comfortable for the surgeon and provide adequate access to the area of pathology. The purpose of this study is to compare vertical and horizontal skin incisions during umbilical and paraumbilical hernia repair that makes the surgical technique and post-operative outcome much more favorable. In this study, we compare the intraoperative difculty, post operative wound healing and morbidity between these two techniques.