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On the base of the present-day principles to classify plant viruses the identification of Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), a new virus for the Russian Federation, is carried out. Biological properties of 7 isolates have been studied. Symptomatology, range of host-plants and physical properties of virions of studied strains differ. The least thermostable strain is CaMV-B3 (TIP – 75°C) and the highest TIP (85°C) is CaMV-B1. The highest virus concentration in sap was observed for CaMV-B2 (DEP – 10^–6), and lowest – CaMV-R1 (10^–1–10^–2). CaMV-B2 and CaMV-C2 lost infection during 4 days in room conditions, CaMV-B3 – 1 day. A virus proteins were isolated (42 and 44 kD). The native nucleic acid of CaMV have been extracted. The DNA was separated into mixtures of circular and linear molecules. Size of the DNA is about 8000 base pairs.