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In 159 eyes with a spherical correction varying from +14.0 to -27.0 diopters, the axial length and thickness of posterior ocular coats were measured ultrasonographically. As proven in experimental studies, retina, choroid, and sclera were resolved in a considerable percentage of cases by combining A- and B-mode techniques of modern ultrasonographic equipment. The presumed close inverse correlation between the axial length of the eye and ocular coat dimensions was confirmed by statistical analysis. These values were used to calculate the approximative volume of the posterior half of the ocular coats. There was evidence for a constant tissue volume regardless of the difference in surface and axial length parameters between hyperopic and myopic eyes. Results are discussed and compared with theories of axial growth under physiological and pathological conditions.

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B-scan guided pulsed Doppler ultrasonography was applied in 62 patients with unilateral malignant melanoma. Prior to radiotherapy Doppler frequency shifts were detected in all but one neoplasm. The average systolic tumour blood flow velocity was recorded as 18.8 2 7.6 cmls. Frequency shifts after radiotherapy are described.Probably the methods will find a place in the evaluation of indeterminate fundus lesions and in the follow-up of irradiated ocular melanomas.

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