Background: Sexual assault is a special type of violence with great effects on the victims. In Egypt, there are no accurate statistical data about sexual assault. Objective: The aim of this work was to study the pattern of sexual assault in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. Subjects and methods: This study was conducted in Tanta Department of Forensic Institute of Ministry of Justice, Egypt. It included collection of retrospective data during the period from the start of January 2011 to the end of June 2014.Cross section study of sexual assault cases was also done from the start of July 2014 to the end of December 2014.Complete history taking as well as full general and local examination was done for the studied cases. Results and conclusion: Total number of sexual assault cases was 229 over the studied period. The median age of victims was 16 years with interquartile range of 10-21 ranging from 3 to 63 years. Most cases (63.3%) were less than 18 years, 76% of the cases were females, and came from urban areas (63.3%). Unmarried cases constituted 83%. Rape was the most frequent type of assault (41%). Most of the assailants were outside the familial relations to the victims (91.3%), and a single assailant was responsible in 78.6% of the cases. The most common type of physical injury was abrasion (46.75%), whereas the least were bites (1.29%). Most cases (68.6%) were examined within 10 days after the assault; hymnal tear was the commonest injury on vulvovaginal examination (88.4%). Anal examination revealed chronic habit of anal sex in 18.52% of cases. The present study concluded that unmarried females under the age of 18years from urban areas constituted the major victims of sexual assault in Gharbia Governorate. Rape was the commonest reported assault in this study. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, gender and marital status were good predictors of type of sexual assault. Recommendations: Medico legal examination of sexual assaults should be done as early as possible for the value of collecting evidence. Medical education for the children and their family about methods of protection against sexual assault should be considered.

Many attempts have been made to find out correlation and to derive a regression formula between crainofacial measurements and body stature, since the craniofacial remains may be the only available for postmortem examination. This study is to compare craniofacial anthropometric ratios between Egyptian and Bengali populations and to find out the correlation between craniofacial anthropometric measurements and stature with suggesting regression formulae in both populations for stature reconstruction from these dimensions. This cross-sectional analytical study included 100 subjects; 60 Egyptians and 40 Bengalis aged from 18-60 years with normal face patterns. Stature and four craniofacial parameters as maximum head length & breadth, and maximum face breadth &length were measured. The results showed that, all crainofacial parameters were significantly higher in Egyptian males than females. Maximum facial length was significantly higher in Egyptians than Bengalis of both sexes. However, maximum facial breadth and maximum head length were significantly higher in Bengalis than Egyptians of both sexes. The highest correlation coefficient with stature was exhibited by maximum facial breadth in Bengali males (r=0.60), maximum facial length in Egyptian males (r=0.42). On the other hand, in Egyptian and Bengali females, maximum head length showed highest correlation coefficient with stature (r=0.37& r=0.89 respectively). Therefore, the prediction of stature is more reliable from facial dimensions in Bengali and Egyptian males and from cephalic length in both Egyptian and Bengali females.

Chronic fluoride (Fl) toxicity is a serious public health problem globally where drinking water contains more than 1 ppm of Fl. Sodium fluoride (NaF) produced male reproductive system toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the amelioration of Fl toxicity-induced fertility impairment by vitamin E and calcium during the withdrawal period. The study was carried out on 70 adult male albino rats divided into five main groups: group I control; subdivided into group Ia (maintained on standard diet and water ad libitum for 60 days) and group Ib (maintained on standard diet and water ad libitum for 120 days), group II was administered NaF and subdivided into group IIa (administered NaF for 60 day and sacrificed) and group IIb (administered NaF for 60 day then maintained on standard diet and water ad libitum for a further 60 days), and treated groups III, IV, and V were administered NaF. Rats were maintained during withdrawal from NaF, on vitamin E (10 mg kg À1 day À1 for 60 days), calcium (50 mg kg À1 day À1 orally for 60 days), and both vitamin E and calcium, respectively. The duration of NaF administration was 60 days at a dose 20 mg kg À1 day À1 for all treated groups. The following parameters were determined: body and organ weights, sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm viability, fertility test, and hormone assays: testosterone, in vitro testosterone production, luteinizing hormone, and follicular stimulating hormone. The combined administration of vitamin E and calcium during withdrawal from NaF showed significant improvement from chronic FL-induced toxicity on male reproductive organs.