Background: Nurse managers leadership style is especially important to enhance staff nurses commitment which fulfill helping organizational objectives. Aim: the aim of this study was to identify the effect of nurse managers' leadership styles on staff nurses' organizational commitment through: assessing different styles of leadership among nurse managers, determining level of organizational commitment among staff nurses and finding out the effect of nurse managers' leadership styles on staff nurses' organizational commitment.Study setting: this study was carried out at Nasser Institute Hospital. Study design: this descriptive correlational design. Study subjects: the study was carried out on 80 nurse managers, and 174 of their staff nurses in the hospital setting. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used to collect data namely, leadership style questionnaire and organizational commitment questionnaire. Results: the democratic leadership style was the most highly used by (63.8%) of nurse managers and (54.6%) of staff nurses had high total commitment level. Conclusion: The study concluded that the nurse managers' democratic leadership score is a positive predictor of staff nurses' commitment, while the autocratic style score is a negative predictor. Furthermore, the study recommends that frequent regular meetings between nurse managers and their staff nurses to discuss nurses work problems and recovered their problems for better relationships and enhances support at work with suitable rewards for staff nurses.

Purpose: To assess the relation between serum creatinine level in pregnant women and correlation between its value and occurrence of preeclampsia. Methods: An 80 pregnant female were involved in the study. They were divided into 40 case group; pregnant females with risk factors of preeclampsia and 40 apparently healthy pregnant women as a control group. Serum creatinine was tested using auto-analyzer, using the commercially available kits. Results: Serum creatinine was significantly higher in women who developed preeclampsia later. Conclusion: In summary we found an association of serum creatinine and preeclampsia. we recommend to use serum creatinine test in screening in women who are at risk of having preeclampsia later in pregnancy.

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Background Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. With the growing burden of glaucoma, we looked for better tools for early diagnosis and monitoring. Aim of the Work using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) vessel density (VD) to document, quantify and compare microvasculature changes in macula and peripapillary region between healthy and moderate to severe primary open angle glaucoma eyes. Patients and Methods A comparative interventional prospective study was conducted on 28 eyes of 14 subjects, recruited from Ain Shams University hospitals outpatient clinic, and were subjected to imaging procedure during the period from January 2020 to May 2020. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group 1 of 14 eyes of 9 patients with moderate to severe primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and group 2 of 14 eyes of 7 healthy sex and age-matched controls. Results a statistically significant decrease was found in VD in the peripapillary region (P < 0.001) and superficial macular regions in glaucoma subjects (P < 0.001). Conclusion OCTA proved a quantitative decrease in both peripapillary and macular vessel density as a parameter of microvascular changes associated with moderate to severe POAG. These results reflect damage to tissues relevant to the pathophysiology of POAG demonstrating OCTA importance with respect to diagnosing glaucoma and understanding the pathophysiology of this disease and, guiding future studies to evaluate more potential uses of this technology in the actual assessment of patients with glaucoma.