ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the relationship of expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colon cancer and its predecessor colon polyp.Materials and methodsThis study included 29 patients with colon polyp, 19 patients with colon cancer and 65 healthy control subjects. The expressions of MMP-7, TIMP-1 and COX-2 were investigated by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsThe expressions of TIMP-1, COX-2 and MMP-7 levels were significantly higher in polyp tissue compared to normal tissue (p = 0.024, p < 0.001, p = 0.009, respectively). Expression of TIMP-1, COX-2 and MMP-7 in cancer tissues were higher than both normal tissue and polyp tissue (p = 0.009 and p = 0.001; p < 0.001 and p < 0.001; p = 0.029 and p = 0.008, respectively). In the cancer group, no significant relationship was detected between metastasis and MMP-7, TIMP-1 and COX-2 expressions (p > 0.05). In the polyp tissues, no significant relationship was detected between the histologic type and size of polyps and MMP-7, TIMP-1 and COX-2 levels (p > 0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the cancer group were 0.821 for TIMP-1, 0.888 for COX-2, and 0.880 for MMP-7 (p = 0 < 0.001).ConclusionA role and implication of expressions of MMP-7, COX-2 and TIMP-1 in colon cancer is predicted.How to cite this articleBengi G, Keles D, Topalak Ö, Yalçin M, Kiyak R, Oktay G. Expressions of TIMP-1, COX-2 and MMP-7 in Colon Polyp and Colon Cancer. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2015;5(2):74-79.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and death related cancers in the world. Therefore, the early diagnosis of CRC remains with a great importance to prevent its further progression and increase survival rates. Colonoscopy and pathological examinations which are invasive and painful procedures, are needed to make a definitive diagnosis of CRC. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is particularly used for postoperative follow-up of CRC patients. The imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) leads to degradation of extracellular matrix which is the most important step in invasion and metastasis. It was also observed that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has crucial roles in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. The purpose of our study is to detect fecal and plasma MMP-7, COX-2, TIMP-1, and CEA protein levels in patients with colorectal cancer, colorectal polyps, and healthy individuals, and assess their association with each other and with clinicopathological variables. We also aimed to evaluate plasma and fecal MMP-7, COX-2, TIMP-1, and CEA protein levels as potential diagnostic markers in colorectal carcinoma.Methods: Plasma and fecal samples were taken from patients with fifteen colorectal cancers, twenty-six colorectal polyps, and thirty-three healthy volunteers. Protein extraction was carried out from fecal samples. Plasma and fecal MMP-7, TIMP-1, and COX-2 protein levels were determined by ELISA whereas plasma and fecal CEA protein levels were detected with CEIA.Results: Plasma and fecal CEA levels were significantly higher in CRC than the control. In addition, plasma TIMP-1 and plasma CEA levels were significantly elevated in cancer according to polyp group. We also detected decreased plasma MMP-7 levels in polyps compared to control group. Positive correlations were observed among plasma COX-2 and TIMP-1 levels (r=0.571), fecal COX-2 and CEA levels (r=0.764) in CRC. However, no association was found between biochemical parameters and clinicopathological variables. ROC analysis for discriminating CRC from healthy controls showed that area under curves (AUC) for fecal and plasma CEA levels were 0.763 and 0.692, respectively. Plasma CEA (AUC=0.735), plasma TIMP-1 (AUC=0.706), and their combination (AUC=0.760) exhibited significant diagnostic performances to differentiate CRC from polyp. In discrimination colorectal polyps from healthy tissues, MMP-7 showed the highest AUC value (0.667). Conclusion:Here we suggested that plasma and fecal CEA protein levels may be potential predictive noninvasive markers for diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma. In addition, plasma CEA and TIMP-1 are also valuable biomarker candidates in differentiating colorectal cancer from colorectal polyps.