No abstract

No abstract

Introduction: We examined psychiatric comorbidities moderation of a 2-site double-blind randomized clinical trial of theta/beta-ratio (TBR) neurofeedback (NF) for attention de cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods:Seven-to-ten-year-olds with ADHD received either NF (n=84) or Control (n=58) for 38 treatments.Outcome was change in parent-/teacher-rated inattention from baseline to end-of-treatment (acute effect), and 13-month-follow-up. Seventy percent had at least one comorbidity: oppositional de ant disorder (ODD) (50%), speci c phobias (27%), generalized anxiety (23%), separation anxiety (16%). Comorbidities were grouped into anxiety alone (20%), ODD alone (23%), neither (30%), or both (27%).Results: Comorbidity (p=0.043) moderated acute effect; those with anxiety-alone responded better to Control than to TBR NF (d=-0.79, CI -1.55--0.04), and the other groups showed a slightly better response to TBR NF than to Control (d=0.22~0.31, CI -0.3-0.98). At 13-months, ODD-alone group responded better to NF than Control (d=0.74, CI 0.05-1.43).

Introduction: We examined psychiatric comorbidities moderation of a 2-site double-blind randomized clinical trial of theta/beta-ratio (TBR) neurofeedback (NF) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods:Seven-to-ten-year-olds with ADHD received either NF (n=84) or Control (n=58) for 38 treatments. Outcome was change in parent-/teacher-rated inattention from baseline to end-of-treatment (acute effect), and 13-month-follow-up. Seventy percent had at least one comorbidity: oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (50%), specific phobias (27%), generalized anxiety (23%), separation anxiety (16%). Comorbidities were grouped into anxiety alone (20%), ODD alone (23%), neither (30%), or both (27%). Results: Comorbidity (p=0.043) moderated acute effect; those with anxiety-alone responded better to Control than to TBR NF (d=-0.79, CI -1.55- -0.04), and the other groups showed a slightly better response to TBR NF than to Control (d=0.22~0.31, CI -0.3-0.98). At 13-months, ODD-alone group responded better to NF than Control (d=0.74, CI 0.05-1.43). Discussion: TBR NF is not indicated for ADHD with comorbid anxiety but may benefit ADHD with ODD.

The original article has been corrected.Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.