The decision of what kind of labor that should be held is intermittently generating a great debate in Brazil. The growth in the number of cesarean sections has raised worries in some of the involved sectors of the society. It was proposed to investigate the factors which lead the women to take this decision, trying to understand the principle involved. A bibliographic review about the subject was made. The research happened in the town of Formiga, where some data were collected in two hospitals-public and private -about the number of labors during two months. Subsequently, the obstetricians and a group of pregnant women were submitted to a questionnaire, the answers were compiled and transformed into graphs which were analyzed. Finally, the data were compared with the related literature. The number of cesarean sections in the town was above the standard recommended. According to the obstetricians, the main reason would be the preference of the pregnant women, fact which was not confirmed by them, that discrepancy was confirmed by the literature. The level of information about the clinical indications for the type of labor was considered satisfactory by the doctors and the pregnant women, data contestable by the academics. The fear and the pain were identified by obstetricians and pregnant women as a predominant factor for the preference of cesarean sections, provided that, according to the literature, shows the precariousness of information for pregnant women about the normal birth. Another important data is that the doctors can have an important role in the kind of labor to be made. According to the obstetricians, their role would be very limited, but according to some pregnant women, they did trust in the doctors which should be the ideal labor for them. The analysis of most of the data collected shows a discrepancy between the information of pregnant women and obstetricians. Both sides involved in the issue do not admit as responsible for the elevate number of cesarean sections, so, some new approaches are needed for analysis. This analysis and diagnosis indicate the next step of the research: the supervision of the pregnant women, since the beginning of the gestation until the birth, trying to figure out the real factors which lead them to decide what kind of delivery should be taken.

Rev Med (São Paulo All of the NB who have received methadone during the study time were evaluated. From the total of 17 NB, 6 were eliminated as they have been transferred to other services or evolved towards death, making it impossible to complete the data analysis. From 11 NB included, 7 were premature with gestational age under 28 weeks. There was a prevalence of the male gender (72,7%). All the infants received fentanyl continuously, which period of use was 37 days in average in the preterm NB, whereas being 25 days in the mature NB. The time spent to reach the control dose of methadone, meaning the sufficient dosage to avoid abstinence symptoms (Finnegan score < 8 in 3 consecutive evaluations) was in average 6 days and the time for drug suspension ranged from 10 to 159 days. From 11 NB, 8 presented signs of abstinence after the beginning of methadone with the need of dose adjustment. Conclusion: The study allowed a preliminary evaluation of the NAS protocol along with the use of methadone in the service where it was held. There was a relation between the use of methadone and continuous sedation, which duration was prolonged in the NB of male gender and premature ones. Although a more detailed approach should be accomplished, considering the amount of ventilated NB in the period (256 NB), the number of NB with possible abstinence was relatively small (6,6%), which may mean a judicious use of opioids in this population. O estudo permitiu uma avaliação preliminar do protocolo de abordagem da SAN e do uso da metadona no serviço em questão. Houve relação do uso da metadona com a sedação contínua, cuja duração foi prolongada nestes RN, com o gênero masculino e com a prematuridade. Considerando o número total de RN ventilados no período (256 RN), o número de RN com possível S.A.N foi relativamente pequeno (6.6%), podendo significar um uso criterioso de opióides nesta população, embora uma abordagem mais detalhada deva ser realizada. KeywordsDescritores: Síndrome de abstinência neonatal; Fentanila; Metadona; Recém-nascido.