O acesso direto à região do ângulo pontocerebelar pela via retrolabiríntica é seguro, entretanto, não permite a visão direta de todo o meato acústico interno (MAI) pela otomicroscopia. Os endoscópios podem ser utilizados na exploração do MAI por esta via. Objetivo: Nosso objetivo é avaliar a capacidade de inspeção do MAI com endoscópios de diferentes angulações. The retrolabyrinthine approach is a safe route to the cerebellopontine angle, which allows preservation of hearing and facial nerve function. However, it doesn't allow a straight view of the whole internal auditory canal (IAC) with the operating microscope. The endoscopes may be used to assess the IAC during retrolabyrinthine approaches. Aim:The objective of this study is to evaluate the capabilities of different angled endoscopes in assessing the IAC. o endoscope was significantly better than the others in the evaluation of the IAC and it should be considered the optic of choice in the assessment of the IAC during retrolabyrinthine approaches.Palavras-chave: ouvido interno, endoscopia, microscopia.

The term sinus histiocytosis with massive lyrnphadenopathy (SHML) was introduc ed by Rosai and Dorfinan in 1969. Although SHML was initially described as low-pain cerv ical lymphadenopathy accompanied by fevet; leukocy tosis, an increased erythrocyte sedim entation rate, and hypergammaglobulinemia, extranodal involvement is observed in 25 to 40% of cases. This pathology is velY rare and involvement of the nasal fossae and paranasal sinus es is exceptional. We present two atypical cases of extranodal involvement exelusively confined to the head and review the literature. The first case showed a dramatic involvement offacial skin and tnuscles, orbit, and paranasal sim/ses. In the second case , the diseas e was limifed to the nasalfossae. Both cases showed exelusive extranodal involvement limit ed to the head region. In the absence oflymphadenopathy, diagnosing Rosai-Dorfman disease is dijJicult because ofthe lack ofthe most typical manifestation ofthe disease.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de estudar o diagnóstico, etiologia, evolução e tratamento de pacientes com cistos ductais e saculares de laringe na Divisão de Clíni-ca Otorrinolaringológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Forma de estudo: Clínico randomizado. Material e método: Procurou-se enfatizar a população em que são mais prevalentes, o quadro clínico, a terapêutica e seus resultados. Foram analisados 19 pacientes, mostrando que a apresentação inicial dos cistos pode consistir desde sintomas comuns ao otorrinolaringologista até obstrução respiratória grave. Conclusão: É necessário, portanto, o conhecimento do especialista acerca dessa patologia, no sentido de realizar o diagnósti-co adequado e adotar a conduta que proporcione o melhor prognóstico ao seu paciente.

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Purpose of investigation:To describe the most frequent laryngostroboscopic findings in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed in postmenopausal women. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of changes in their voice pattern. All the subjects underwent a videolaryngostroboscopy examination. Stroboscopy parameters, presence of edema, and other findings were assessed. The groups were compared using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Results: In total, 92 women were selected, 25 of whom reported changes in their voice pattern, 25 did not report any changes, and 42 were excluded. When comparing the groups with and without changes in their voice pattern, a significant difference was found only in the thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (1.88 ± 0.86 vs. 2.55 ± 1.06, respectively; p = 0.023). No significant differences were observed in any of the stroboscopy parameters, such as the presence of edema and other findings. Conclusion: Laryngoscopic findings in postmenopausal women are independent of changes in the voice pattern.