A retrospective study was performed in 62 cases of Prolonged Fever |PF), 16 were 3 to 6 years old and 46 were 7 to 14 years old, 56.5% were females.Infectious diseases caused 77.4% of all cases of PF, with Typhoid Fever (64.5%), pressumed Viral diseases (10.4%) and Urinary Tract Infection (10.4%) being the most common. There were 2 Collagen-Inflamatory diseases, one case of Drug Fever due to Phenobarbital and no Malignancies. 17.8% of all cases did not have a final diagnosis.There was some relationship bet ween infectious diseases and season of the year. Signs and symptoms were helpful in certain cases, but contradictory in others. Also there was a certain lack

Eighty nine children with fever which lasted 2 to 30 days were studied. Among them there were 60 patients with demonstrated salmonella typhi or paratyphi infections by blood and or bone marrow cultures; 17 patients were under the school age (PSA) and 43 at school age groups (SA). Bone marrow cell counts, as well as routine hematologicat studies were undertaken in all patients and separately analysed in those with salmonellae infections; Significant evidence of anemia was found in 76% of PSA and 60% SA patients, but it was no longer present in controls done 15 days after the end of the treatment of their infection with Chloramphenicol. Neutropenia, in proportion to the total number of white blood cells, was found in 47% of PSA patients. The absolute number of neutrophils was also reduced in 14%of SA childrea Neutropenia was more severe at the end of treatment and lasted more than 15 days in about one half of all patients. Only 25%of our patients showed increased numbers of band forms in the initial diferential leucocyte counts. Aneosinophilia was found in 83%of PSA and 98%of SA patients. Low platelet counts occurred in 22% of PSA and 42%of SA children, in most of them theie were no abnormalities in their coagulation tests. Normal megalcariocytes and platelet production were noted at the bone marrow microscopic examination, together with erithroid hypoplasia and hyperplasia of granulocytic, monocytic and histiocytic series. Histiocytes frecuently showed evidence of hemophagia of other cellular elements, including platelets, erithrocytcs, erithoblasts, leucocytes and plasma cells.