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Nanotechnology is science, technology, and engineering that is directed at the nano scale (1-100 nm). This is a diverse and attractive field, owing to its unique properties and applications. The surface- to- volume ratio is the most important property of a material, which makes a clear difference between bulk materials and materials at nano scale. Nano can be referring to materials, particles, thin films, wires, fibers, etc. Nanotechnology is a revolutionary method for developing of new systems and technologies. In this study, the types of nano materials on their structures are discussed. The remarkable properties of the nanomaterials have also been explained. Common characterization techniques are explained and highlight the applications of nano materials. The conclusions of all the sections are presented at the end of the paper.