Probiotics are live microorganisms (mostly bacteria) that colonize the gut and supply helpful benefits. Probiotics are completely different from other varieties of microorganism in that they are considered "good" microorganism or non-pathogenic in healthy individuals. Genus Bifidobacterium is the primary microbe that colonizes human channel, and it has positive health effects on its host. Because of the acknowledged health benefits, it is included in several purposeful foods. Bifidobacteria generally occur in extremely varied ecological niches. In order to survive in these explicit ecological niches, they should be highly adaptive. This review helps researchers incorporate the utmost criteria for an acceptable probiotic strain as in the case of Bifidobacterium sp. Bifidobacteria can be considered as a probiotic and it plays an important role in anticholesterolemic, lactose intolerance, anticancerogenic, immunomodulatory effects etc.

To perform Direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (DAST) on positive blood culture and compare with that of standard antibiotic susceptibility testing. Blood cultures performed at Department of Microbiology Kasturba Medical College and Microbiology diagnostic centre (KMC hospital Ambedkar circle), Mangalore. Blood cultures with monobacterial bacteraemia. Cross sectional comparative time bound study of 116 samples. Out of 116 positive blood culture samples. It was seen that over all error rate was 55.17% minor error/categorical error, 15.5% of major error and 0.8% of very major errors were detected. The inoculum size influences the result of DAST and standard AST. Therefore standardization of inoculum is crucial. To conclude DAST using disk diffusion from positive blood culture bottles help to start early antibiotic treatment for bacteraemia/septicaemia.