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Measurement of the quality of biodiesel during the purification process is necessary to ensure biodiesel meets the required standards. Water and glycerol concentrate critical parameters of the quality of the final product of biodiesel. The impurities of biodiesel (water and glycerol) have a strong correlation with dielectric properties due to polarity changes. Measurement of electrical properties produces 14 dielectric parameters namely impedance (Z), Modulus Young (Y), Phase, Capacitation series (Cs), Parallel capacitance (Cp), Displacement (D), Series Inductance (Ls), Parallel Inductance (Lp), Electric charge (Q), Series Resistance (Rs), Conductance (G), Parallel Resistance (Rp), electric susceptibility (X) and induction field (B). Parameters selection are needed for the efficiency of determining the quality of biodiesel. The research objective is to predict the quality of biodiesel during the purification process using the selected dielectric parameter analysis. The process of selecting parameters uses feature selection (Relief) and quality classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The election results show the parameters related to the purity of biodiesel are parallel capacitance (Cp), series resistance (Rs), and impedance (Z) and parallel inductance (Lp) at weights greater than 0.05. Based on the test, the AUC (Area under ROC) value is 0.87, the accuracy is 0.94 for the quality that meets (YES) and that does not meet (NO) biodiesel quality requirements.

The study analyzed heavy metal contents found in the beef cattle grazing in Landfill of Makassar City, Indonesia. The experiments samples were obtained from two different periods of grazing. One period was 2-and the other was 5-year-grazing with a total of 15 cattle, grazing in the landfill. Blood, feces, meat and liver were sampled to measure lead and cadmium contents. The result revealed Pb content in organic waste feed was lower than NRC standard; however, leachate was higher than the NRC standard. Pb content of beef cattle samples both 2-and 5-year-grazing period exceeded WHO standard, while Cd content was lower. Organic waste feed has high enough for providing cattle feed. Utilization of Landfill of Makassar City, Indonesia as a grazing area of beef cattle should be conducted in the dry season to prevent the cattle from consuming leachate.

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