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Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) has been atracted large number of researchers in recent years due to its inherent potential for the data transmission .The peculiar charectristics of MANET like limited battery power, mobility of nodes , limited bandwidth provides challenge for the effective and efficient routing among the mobile nodes and at the same time it is necessary to ensure secure data transmission within the given constraints of MANET . Multipath routing is much more flexible and effective approach of routing . Topology hiding protocol i.e. TOHIP resolves the topology exposure problem im multi path routing . FL-TOHIP & AFL-TOHIP has demostrated the improvement in solution searching and enhanced the efficiency of TOHIP . Malicious nodes and other attacks make MANET vulnerable even with topology hiding . Trust based aapproach is used to secure communication using the trust between the neighbours . Trust based approach is an alternative to cryptographic tecniques . This paper evaluates variois trust based protocols and provide a direction to integrate trust based approach with topology hiding multi path routing protocols in MANET to provide optimal data transmission with utmost security .

Due to the dynamic nature of the mobile ad hoc network (MANET), all the nodes are mobile and generously connected to other nodes without the use of any fixed communications. Because of the random movement of nodes, the network topology is not predicted easily. Therefore, routing is one of the major challenging tasks in MANET. Significantly, the topology-hiding multipath routing protocol (TOHIP) is used to eliminate the topological exposure problem by transmitting the information through disjoint paths from the source to the destination. To select the optimal routing path, we have proposed the fractional lion algorithm to TOHIP (FL-TOHIP). Initially, the routing path is designed in MANET based on the existing TOHIP, which generates the number of disjoint routing paths. Then, the optimal path selection is done by the proposed fractional lion algorithm. To improve the solution searching, the fractional lion algorithm is adapted to the mathematical theory called fractional calculus. Finally, the performance of the proposed protocol is compared to the existing protocol using the delay, energy, and cost.

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