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RATIONALE: Asthma and atopy are considered complex diseases linked the environmental and genetic factors. The OXA1L is involved in the biogenesis of proteins from mitochondria membrane. Changes in oxidative stress and calcium homeostasis in bronchial smooth muscle cells increase mitochondrial biogenesis, cell proliferation, and remodeling of the airways. Thus, we hypothesize that genetic variants in OXA1L are associated with asthma and atopy in an admixture population from Brazil. METHODS: DNA from 1,307 individuals was genotyped using Illumina Human 2.5-8 Omni Bead chip. Logistic regression analyses were performed to verify the association of polymorphisms in OXA1L with asthma and allergy markers using PLINK 1.9 software adjusted for sex, age, helminth infections and ancestry markers in additive model. In silico gene expression analysis was performed in whole blood tissue using GTEx browser. RESULTS: The C allele of rs4981436 in OXA1L was positively associated with asthma (OR:1.41; CI:1.08-1.84; p:.012). Additionally, the G allele of rs8572 was positively associated with skin prick test to Dermatophagoides