Species of fish of Marajó Island, State of Pará, Brazil, were examined to identify the trematodes parasitizing 102 Hoplerytrinus unitaeniatus (gold wolf fish) and 104 Hoplias malabaricus (thraira). Metacercariae of two species of trematodes, 170 specimens of Clinostomatopsis sorbens and 10 Ithyoclinostomum dimorphum were found and identified. The parasitary indices of C. sorbens from H. unitaeniatus and H. malabaricus, were 43.14% and 30.77% for prevalence, 2.52 and 1.84 for mean intensity, 1.09 and 0.57 for mean abundance and 1 to 9 and 1 to 7 for range of infection, respectively, on both fish the site of infection was the mesentery. The parasitary indices of I. dimorphum from H. unitaeniatus were 2.94% for prevalence, 2.66 for mean intensity, 0.08 for mean abundance, 1 to 4 for range of infection, and the sites of infection were the mesentery and the muscle. Metacercariae of I. dimorphum were collected in muscles of a specimen of H. malabaricus, with 0.96% of prevalence, intensity of infection of 2 parasites and 0.02 of abundance. New morphological data of external and internal structures are presented. This is the first record of metacercariae of C. sorbens and I. dimorphum in Amazonian fish.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the tegument, musculature and mesentery of 102 specimens of
Zoonotic parasites can infect fish and be a serious threat to human health. The objective of this research was to estimate the prevalence for the main fish-borne zoonotic parasitic diseases of freshwater fish marketed in Colares Island and Vigia, Pará, Brazil. In February, 2012, 85 (40 of Colares and 45 of Vigia) fish were randomly sampled by means of net fishing. Eighty and 76% of fish sampled were parasitized, being silver croacker (Plagioscion squamosissimus), kumakuma (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum), and gilded catfish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) the species most parasitized. The most prevalent parasites were Anisakis (50% in Colares and 49% in Vigia) and Contracaecum (60% in Colares and 40% in Vigia), followed by Pseudoterranova (2% in Colares and 11% in Vigia), Eustrongylides (10% in Colares and 0% in Vigia) and Hysterothylacium (2% in Colares and 7% in Vigia) in the species: silver croacker, kumakuma and gilded catfish, in both cities. Mesentery (55%) was the organ with highest level of intense infestation. A greater proportion of massive infestation was observed in females (57%) than in males (12%). Results of this study indicate that fish caught in Colares and Vigia could be of high risk for consumer.Keywords: Anisakidae, Eustrongylides, zoonosis, Public Health, Amazonia. ResumoParasitos zoonóticos podem infectar peixes e causar sérios agravos à saúde humana. O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a prevalência e identificar os fatores de risco para doenças parasitárias veiculadas por peixes de água doce comercializados na ilha de Colares e Vigia, Pará, Brazil. Em fevereiro de 2012, 85 peixes (40 de Colares e 45 de Vigia) foram coletados de forma aleatória com redes de pesca. Oitenta por cento e 76% dos peixes amostrados estavam parasitados, sendo a corvina (Plagioscion squamosissimus), piramutaba (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum) e dourada (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii), as espécies mais parasitadas. Os parasitos mais prevalentes foram: Anisakis (50% em Colares e 49% em Vigia) e Contracaecum (60% em Colares e 40% em Vigia), seguido pelo Pseudoterranova (2% em Colares e 11% em Vigia), Eustrongylides (10% em Colares e 0% em Vigia) e Hysterothylacium (2% em Colares e 7% em Vigia) nas espécies: corvina, piramutaba e dourada, em ambos os municípios. O mesentério (55%) foi o órgão que apresentou infestação maciça em maior quantidade. A infestação maciça também foi observada com maior proporção em fêmeas (57%) do que em machos (12%). Os resultados deste estudo indicam que o peixe capturado em Colares e Vigia pode ser de alto risco para a o consumidor.
ResumoO experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar a dinâmica da infecção por nematódeos gastrintestinais em vacas no periparto. Utilizaram-se 106 vacas de corte, divididas em dois grupos: o grupo 1 (G1), constituído por 42 vacas de primeira e segunda cria; e o grupo 2, (G2) por 76 vacas de terceira cria ou mais. A partir dos 120 dias do pré-parto até os 90 dias pós-parto, coletaram-se fezes para contagens de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) e sangue para determinação do volume globular e hemoglobina de cada um dos animais a intervalos mensais. Nos mesmos intervalos, avaliaram-se os escores de condição corporal (ECC). Os valores médios ± desvios-padrão de OPG para os animais do grupo 1 foram iguais a 19,4 ± 42,9, enquanto para os do grupo 2 foram de 31,1 ± 68,0 não havendo diferenças significativas entre eles, tampouco entre os valores hematológicos que permaneceram nos padrões normais para ambos os grupos. Maiores contagens de OPG foram observadas no período pós-parto, com médias de 32,5 ± 55,5 e 51,5 ± 84,8 para os grupos G1 e G2, respectivamente. Observou-se diferença significativa (p < 0,05) nos parâmetros estudados, quando foram comparados os períodos pré e pós-parto dentro de cada um dos grupos, com diminuição dos valores hemáticos e escore corporal e aumento dos valores de OPG no pós-parto. Os resultados sugerem que as vacas podem estar mais susceptíveis à infecção por nematoides desde o parto até os 90 dias pós-parto; todavia, vacas adultas, quando bem manejadas, não constituem fator importante na epidemiologia das verminoses gastrintestinais, mesmo no período pós-parto.Palavras-chave: Bovinos, helmintos, periparto, dinâmica parasitária. AbstractThe experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamics of infection by gastrointestinal nematodes during the periparturition period in cows. One hundred and six beef cows were divided into two groups: G1 was formed by 42 cows of one and two parturitions, and G2 by 76 cows of three or more parturitions. From the 120 days pre partum until the 90 days post partum, feces were collected for faecal egg counts (EPG) while blood was collected to determine the packed cell volume and hemoglobin levels of each animal, with monthly intervals. In the same intervals the body condition scores (BCS) were evaluated. The mean values ± standard deviation of the EPG for G1 were equal to 19.4 ± 42.9, and for G2 31.1 ± 68.0. No significant differences were observed between G1 and G2 in relation to EPG and hematological parameters, which remained within normal patterns for both groups. The two groups had higher counts of EPG in the post partum period than in the pre partum period, with averages of 32.5 ± 55.5 and 51.5 ± 84.8 for groups G1 and G2, respectively. A significant difference (p < 0.05) in the parameters was observed when comparing the pre and post partum within each group studied resulting in declining values of blood and body score and an increase in EPG in the post partum. The results suggest that the cows may be more susceptible to infection by nematodes from gi...
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