The objective of the present study was to examine the ecological indices and mapping the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal region of Maitara Island, North Moluccas Province. The study was conducted during 2015 at three stations. The results showed that 4 species of mangrove belong to 3 families were recorded during the study. The total density of stations was 215.78 tree/hectare, the frequency was 722.22 tree/hectare, the percent cover was 189.29% and the significant value was 300 in every station. Rhizopora apicullata, Avicennia alba, Sonneratia alba have the highest density and frequency, while the lowest density and frequency were Sonneratia caseolaris. Sonneratia alba, S. caseolaris, Avicennia alba have the highest percent cover. Overall, the diversity of mangroves is minor. The characterization of zonation showed that Rhizhopora sp. is a leading constituent of mangrove ecosystem from coast line to the hinterland of Maitara Island.
Ekosistem mangrove merupakan habitat hidup serta tempat berkembang bagi biota bentik dan ikan. Aktivits dikawasan pesisir desa Tewe sangat tinggi, sehingga memberikan dampak pada ekosistem mangrove. Pemanfaatan tidak berkelanjutan memberikan pengaruh terhadap jumlah dan sebaran mangrove. Informasi tentang nilai ekologi mangrove sangat penting, guna memberikan gambaran kondisi mangrove saat ini. Pengambilan contoh mangrove, di lakukan dengan menggunakan metode transect quadrant dan spot check. Hasil penelitian diperoleh ketebalan hutan mangrove dikawasan Desa Tewe berdasarkan pengamatan adalah 412 meter (Stasiun I), 389 meter (Stasiun II), 367 meter (Stasiun III). Komposisi jenis hutan mangrove dari hasil pengamatan dan identifikasi diperoleh sebanyak 9 jenis dari 5 famili. Hasil analisis menunjukan struktur komunitas hutan mangrove di Desa Tewe berdasarkan indeks ekologi (nilai kerapatan, frekuensi jenis, tutupan dan nilai penting) baik, sedangkan keanekaragaman spesies masngrove termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Akan tetapi aktivitas pemanfaatan perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus, sehingga kelestarian dan kehadiran mangrove tetap terjaga. Selain itu perlu suatu pendekatan pada masyarakat untuk membantu memberikan informasi terhadap peran, manfaat dan juga strategi pengelolaan serta pelestarian mangrove kedepan.Kata kunci : Desa Tewe, indeks ekologi, ekosistem mangrove , spot check , transect quadrant
Ekosistem mangrove di pesisir pulau Sibu mendapatkan berbagai macam tekanan pemanfaatan dari manusia. Hal ini memberikan gambaran bahwa perlu danya informasi ekologi. Stasiun penelitian ditetapkan sebanyak 3 stasiun, yang meliputi bagian utara, selatan dan timur Pulau Sibu. Pengambilan contoh mangrove, di lakukan dengan menggunakan metode transect quadrant dan spot check. Hasil penelitian diperoleh ketebalan hutan mangrove dikawasan Pulau Sibu berdasarkan pengamatan adalah 410 meter (Stasiun I), 321 meter (Stasiun II) dan 389 meter (Stasiun III). Komposisi jenis hutan mangrove dari hasil pengamatan dan identifikasi diperoleh sebanyak 10 jenis dari 4 famili. Nilai struktur komunitas dan vegetasi mangrove berdasarkan stasiun pengamatan diperoleh 24,44 ind/ m2 dan diikuti oleh stasiun II dengan nilai 24,17 ind/ m2 dan terendah pada stasiun III yaitu 18,83 ind/m2. Kategori peluang kehadiran jenis ditemukan paling tinggi terdapat pada stasiun I yakni 5,00 ind/m2, kemudian stasiun II dengan nilai 4,17 ind/m2 dan stasiun III yakni 2,83 ind/m2. Persentasi tutupan tertinggi vegetasi mangrove ditemukan pada stasiun stasiun I yaitu 18,19, disusul stasiun II sebesar 15,29 dan terendah stasiun III dengan nilai 12,49. Kategori nilai penting untuk keseluruhan stasiun memiliki nilai sama yaitu 300 %. Struktur komunitas hutan mangrove di Pulau Sibu berdasarkan indeks ekologi (nilai kerapatan, frekuensi jenis, tutupan dan nilai penting) cukup baik, sedangkan keanekaragaman spesies masngrove termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Kata kunci : Ekologi, Mangrove, Pulau Sibu, spot check , transect quadrant
This study aims to look at the level of damage to coral reefs based on Chaetodontotidae fish and biodiversity of Chaetodontidae fish on Maitara Island. This research was conducted in April to May 2019 at 2 stations. Collecting coral reef data using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method which is placed parallel to the shoreline, while Chaetodontidae fish uses the Visual Method Census method. During the study, 20 species of Chaetodontidae were found, representing 2 genera; namely Chaetdon (15 species), and Chelmon (5 types). Fluctuations in the index of diversity, diversity and dominance can be used as indicators of damage to coral reefs. Diversity (H') ranges from 0.67-1.01, the percentage of live coral cover between 10.80% to 15.30%. The damage of the Coral Reef of Maitara Island is in the damaged category based on the Minister of Environment Decree of 2001. The correlation between the percentage of live coral and Chaetodontidae fish is positive, the determinant coefficient of each species is more than 95%. Low species diversity and individual dominance of one type of Chaetodontidae show that coral reef damage has been caused by anthropic activity, so the loss of most of the main meal of Chaetodontidae fish is coral polyps.
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