Background: Neural tuberculosis is an infection of the central nervous system caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bearing in mind that neural tuberculosis is the most severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and results in significant morbidity and mortality rates, it is important to analyze its sociodemographic characteristics in Brazil. Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics of neural tuberculosis cases in Brazil in the period from 2010 to 2020. Design and Setting: Cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive study, carried out using data collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and the Hospital Information System (SIH / SUS) of confirmed cases and hospitalizations for neural tuberculosis. Methods: Variables used: region, sex, age group, color/race and year of service. Results: In the period from 2010 to 2020, the number of notified cases of meningoencephalic tuberculosis was 7.451, with mean cases per year of 677.36. The Southeast region was the most affected with 43.8% of the total cases, followed by the South and Northeast regions, with 24.1% and 20.1%, respectively. There was a wide predominance in individuals aged 30-39 years (42.8%) and in the age group 40-59 years (35.9%). The male sex was the most affected with 63.3% of the total. Conclusions: The study shows a predominance of cases in the South and Southeast regions, with a significant prevalence of males and age groups of 20- 59. This could be an alert for new prevention and health promotion strategies for the most affected groups.

Background: Stroke is rare in pediatric patients, but it is of paramount importance due to its serious complications. The study of the incidence of strokes in these patients is important for us to be able to adequate public health policies. Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of strokes in pediatric patients in Brazil. Design and setting: Descriptive, retrospective study, carried out using data from the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), from 2011 to 2020. Methods: Variables: brain stroke not specific for the hemorrhagic or ischemic type, mortality, hospitalizations, sex, ethnicity and age group from 0 to 19 years of age. Results: During the period from 2011 from 2020, there were a total of 6912 cases of stroke in the age group from 0 to 19 years; the highest incidence in 2019 (10.59%) and the lowest incidence in 2020 (8.65%.) The age group from 15 to 19 accumulated the greatest number of cases (60.40%). The total mortality rate was 8.12% (561 cases). The highest mortality rate was observed between 15 and 19 years of age (62.03%), and the lowest between 5 and 9 years of age(4.63%). The incidence was slightly higher in males (50.41%). Conclusions: Similar annual stroke rates were identified during the analyzed period, demonstrating the need for interventional actions to reduce its incidence. The non-specification of the hemorrhagic or ischemic types is a limiting factor, since the prevention management is different in each case. There was a higher prevalence, as well as a higher mortality rate, from 15 to 19 years.

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