by creating a network "on the fly" [7]. Wireless ad hoc networks are traditionally used in battlefield communications, Wireless ad hoc network is a collection of mobile nodes law enforcement, disaster recovery (fire, earthquake, etc.), forming a temporary network without the aid of any and emergency search and rescue. Recently, wireless ad hoc centralized administration or standard support services networks have been extensively used in civilian forums (i.e., regularly available on conventional networks. It differs from "ad hoc personal" communications) such as Routing the infrastructure-based network by not having base stations protocols, Wireless communications, Ad hoc networks, to rely on but the network achieves connectivity by using an electronic classrooms, convention centers, construction sites, ad hoc routing protocol. Absence of any fixed infrastructure and special events (concerts, festivals, etc.) [13,20]. There pose number of different problems to this area. Some of the have been several routing protocols proposed for wireless ad challenges that require standard solutions include routing, hoc networks. There have also been several articles written bandwidth constraints, hidden terminal problem and limited which compare the performance and characteristics of battery power. Routing is the process of information different protocols [1,5, 24, 26]. Among them, three articles exchange between two hosts in networks. Routing is the first [1, 5, 26] compare a few (up to four) protocols based on the area that attainedfocus since the invention ofcommercialized simulation of the compared protocols and the authors of [24] mobile ad hoc networks In this paper, we present a provide a comprehensive survey including qualitative comprehensive review for routing features and techniques in comparisons of nine protocols. In this paper, we identify wireless ad hoc networks. For more than a dozen typical various techniques used for classifying routing protocols for existing routing protocols, we compare their properties wireless ad hoc networks (Section 2), which will help the according to different criteria, and categorize them according understanding of current protocols and the designing of new to their routing strategies and relationships.protocols. Moreover, we examine more than a dozen typical routing protocols, giving qualitative comparisons of their
