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AIM:To find the normal mean values of the liver elasticity/stiffness by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastography in healthy subjects. Material and Method:This study was conducted on 137 healthy subjects without any known liver pathology or a history of jaundice by using the Siemens Acuson S2000TM Ultrasound machine with a convex probe . A routine ultrasound was also performed in each case, and the subjects with fatty liver changes or any other signs of a chronic liver pathology were excluded. In each subject, 10 measurements were taken and the median value of the 10 measurements was calculated, which was expressed in metres/sec (m/s). The inter quartile range method was used for the interpretation of the data. Only the measurements with an IQR of < 30% and a Success Rate (SR) of >60% were considered. The measurements were taken at 1-2 cm depth from the liver capsule through an intercostal approach, with the subject lying in the decubitus position. The mean ARFI values and the mean values according to the age and gender of the subjects were evaluated. Result:Valid ARFI measurements were taken in 108/137 patients (78.83%). The mean value of the ARFI measurements in the normal individuals was 1.197±0.25 m/s. There were no significant differences between the mean ARFI values in men vs women (1.195±.25 vs. 1.199±0.26m/s, p = 0.939), and also among the different age groups (p>0.05). Conclusion:In our study, the mean liver elasticity value (shearing wave velocity) which was obtained by ARFI in the healthy subjects was 1.197±0.25 m/s.Rajneesh MadhoK, Chaitanya tapasvi, UMaKant pRasad, ashish KR GUpta, abhinav aGGaRWal

Non-invasive assessment of CAD is now possible with high accuracy on 128-slice dual source CT scanner.

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Introduction: Sinonasal masses are a wide range of pathologies ranging from simple nasal polyps to rare tumors like esthesioneuroblastomas. Early symptoms of all of them are similar to common nasal and sinus problems, hence, producing a delay in diagnosis. . Detailed history and ENT examination were recorded. Radiological investigation was carried out in the form of computed tomographic (CT) scan of nose and paranasal sinuses. Final diagnosis was made by histopathological examination either before instituting any form of treatment or by a postsurgical biopsy where surgery was carried out. Immunohistochemistry was done in some cases as deemed necessary by the pathologist. Thus, their modes of presentation, radiological and histopathological profiles were studied along with dilemmas in diagnosis and management.Results: A total of 189 nasal masses were observed during this period. Out of which 126 were diagnosed as nasal polyps and were excluded from the study. Thus, 63 uncommon nasal masses were seen in the study period. A large number of uncommon sinonasal masses had atypical presentation and/or presented in an advanced stage to pose a diagnostic and surgical challenge. Endoscopic techniques are becoming a gold standard in surgical resection in most of them. Interdepartmental cooperation is highly essential.