The area of individual differences (ID) in second language (L2) has been a point of interest for many researchers; however, the impact of ID on the writing performance of L2 learners has not been explored exhaustively. Only a limited number of studies have examined the role of language aptitude, vocabulary size, and working memory (WM) on L2 learners’ writing accuracy. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of language aptitude, vocabulary size, and WM on L2 learners’ writing accuracy. For that, fifty graduate first‐semester students were recruited and took the WM, LLAMA, and a vocabulary test. Subsequently, they completed two picture description writing tasks. The Pearson correlation result unveiled that all the independent variables excluding LLAMA D were significantly correlated with learners’ writing performance. The regression analysis result explained that LLAMA B, LLAMA E, receptive vocabulary size, and WM were strong predictors of learners’ L2 writing performance.
Businesses in 21st century operate in ultracompetitive, dynamic and effervescent economies enabled by powerful machines & technology gadgets. The very existence of organizations in this digital maze depends on translating incredible amounts of data into powerful knowledge for decision making through scientific methods & statistical innovations. The job of advanced statistical techniques such as Multivariate Analysis is to illuminate, organize and interpret complex data with relative ease & luxury. This research uses the concept of Internal marketing to understand application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The study empirically tests data collected of 322 respondents through structured survey in 60 branches of 8 leading commercial banks in the region. The questionnaire was developed using 20 items based on extensive literature review. The results confirm the performance of proposed framework which can be utilized as statistical & managerial tool for employee development & organizational effectiveness. The components extracted are; motivation, understanding & differentiation, dissemination of information, strategic reward, training and inter-functional coordination. Index Terms-factor analysis, principal component analysis, internal marketing, employee development, statistical package for social sciences (SPSS)
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