The mean gastric transit time (t) and the half-time of gastric emptying (t/2) of a labelled test meal have been studied in 18 patients more than 1 year after gastric surgery for peptic ulcer and compared with those in 18 healthy controls. Of the patients, 6 had undergone proximal gastric vagotomy alone (PGV), L had had proximal gastric vagotomy and pyloroplasty (PGVP) and in 6 truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty (TVP) had been performed. The t and t/2 of patients with PGV alone did not differ significantly from the values of the control group. The t and t/2 in patients after PGVP and TVP, however, were significantly lower than in both controls and patients after PGV alone. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with PGVP and TVP. The results of this study suggest that the lasting effects of vagotomy operations on gastric emptying are due to the drainage procedure rather than the vagotomy.

There is still no simple or agreed-upon definition of perversion. Furthermore, changing cultural opinions on sexuality question even the use of this term. In answer to these challenges, a conceptional distinction is proposed between sexuality per se, describing an aspect of an individual’s personality, and sexuality in actu, describing manifest sexual fantasy and behavior. Sexuality per se subsumes hetero- and homosexuality as well as conditions traditionally called “perversions” on the same de-pathologized level and calls them adult sexual organizations. The use of the terms perversion and perverse is restricted to a specific mode of sexuality in actu, i.e. when, in sexual activities, non-sexual functions have gained priority over sexual drive satisfaction. This clarifies which sexual activity may be an issue of psychoanalytic scrutiny and of often successful therapy and which not. Two case examples and a brief look into psychoanalytic literature illustrate the proposal.

The unique approach to dreams of Swiss psychoanalyst Fritz Morgenthaler (1919-1984) is presented and discussed. Although rarely discussed in the English-speaking psychoanalytic world, this approach is very alive in German-speaking countries. Focusing on the distinction between the remembered hallucinatory experience of dreamers and the event of telling dreams within psychoanalytic sessions, Morgenthaler made two major innovations: first, he proposed a new understanding and handling of associations to dreams, and second, he offered what he called dream diagnostics as an instrument with which to integrate both resistance and transference into clinical work with dreams.

Die vorliegende Arbeit will zwei bezüglich Zielsetzung und Methodik unterschiedliche Herangehensweisen zum Thema Traum miteinander vergleichen. Nach einer Vorstellung von zugrundeliegenden Annahmen und technischem Vorgehen wird derselbe Traumbericht einer Patientin unabhängig voneinander von einem Traumseminar nach Morgenthaler sowie dem Zurich Dream Process Coding System nach Moser und von Zeppelin untersucht. Die Analyseschritte werden von einer Fallvignette ergänzt und von der behandelnden Therapeutin kommentiert. Eine kritische und vergleichende Reflexion der beiden Ansätze schliesst den Aufsatz ab.

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